Urinary Drugs - Chapter 6

Question 1

Blood in urine (term)

Answer 1

Hematuria

Question 2

Hypokalemia

Answer 2

Decreased Potassium

Question 3

PU/PD?

Answer 3

Polyuria (excessive urination) / Polydipsia (excessive thirst)

Question 4

Basic functional unit of the kidney

Answer 4

Nephron

Question 5

Term used to describe location of kidneys in the abdomen.

Answer 5

Retroperitoneal - “Located behind the peritoneum”

Question 6

Hormone secreted by healthy kidneys that communicate with the bone marrow to make more RBCs.

Answer 6

Erythropoietin

Question 7

Which kidney is more cranial?

Answer 7

Right kidney

Question 8

Hilus

Answer 8

Indentation where collecting ducts, ureters, and blood vessels enter and leave the kidney

Question 9

Trigone

Answer 9

Distal part of bladder where 2 ureters and urethra meet up

Question 10

Species and Gender with a curved urethra

Answer 10

Male K9

Question 11

Micturition

Answer 11

Urinating

Question 12

3 things kidneys do in regard to urine production

Answer 12

Filtration

Secretion

Absorption

Question 13

Type of anemia when there is no erythropoieten?

Answer 13

Nonregenerative anemia

Question 14

Hormone promoting water reabsorption

Answer 14

Antidiuretic Hormone

Question 15

Hormone that increases reabsorption of Na

Answer 15

Aldosterone

Question 16

Renal threshold of glucose for dog and cat?

Answer 16

dog = 180mg/dl

cat = 240mg/dl

Question 17

ADH originates from ____

Answer 17

Posterior Pituitary

Question 18

2 Sedatives contraindicated in presence of renal dz?

Answer 18

Ketamine (cyclohexamine)

Xylazine (Alpha 2 agonist)

Question 19

3 Types of renal failure

Answer 19

Prerenal - decrease in blood flow to kidneys (dehydration)

Renal - kidneys lost ability to filter

Post Renal - blockage, obstruction, urine cannot leave bladder

Question 20

Purpose of Diuretic Drugs

Answer 20

Used to removed ECF by increasing urine flow (diuresis) and Na excretion and reducing hypertension

Question 21

in what part of the Kidney do loop diuretics work?

Answer 21

Loop of Henle

Question 22

Loop Diuretic (Generic and Brand name)

Answer 22

Furosemide (Lasix)

Question 23

How loop diuretic works and side effects

Answer 23

Inhibits tubular reabsorption of Na

side effect: Hypokalemia

(most rapid)

Question 24

Used to reduce intracranial and intraocular pressure

Answer 24

Osmotic Diuretics (Glucose, Mannitol)

Question 25

These drugs cross the placental border Inhibit reabsorption of sodium **AND CHLORIDE**

Answer 25

Thiazide Diuretics

Question 26

Spironolactone

Answer 26

Potassium-Sparing Diuretic

Question 27

Reduce intraocular pressure specifically aqueous humor (glaucoma)

Answer 27

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitor (Methazolamide)

Question 28

2 Types of Urinary Incontinence + example

Answer 28

Neurologic - neoplasia to spinal cord Nonneurologic - neoplasia some where other than spine, trauma to bladder, stress, excitement

Question 29

Expulsion / Bethanechol

Answer 29

Cholinergic Agents

Question 30

Retention

Answer 30

Anticholinergic

Question 31

Used to treat urge incontinence by promoting the retention of urine. Action produces muscle relaxation. SLOW ACTING

Answer 31

Anticholinergic Agents

Question 32

Increases tone of detrusor muscle, helps void bladder

Answer 32

Cholinergic Agents

Question 33

Alpha Adrenergic Anatagonists (drugs and side effects)

Answer 33

Prazosin Phenoxybenzamine **SYNCOPE AND LOW BP**

Question 34

Controls mild to moderate hypertension associated with CRF

Answer 34

Beta Adrenergic Antagonist (propanolol)

Question 35

How Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System works.

Answer 35

Renin converts Angiotensin 1 to Angiotensin II. Angiotensin II constricts blood vessels, which increases bp, **and secretes aldosterone.** **Aldosterone** causes Na and water reabsorption into blood which increases fluid in body and increases bp!

Question 36

Ace Inhibitor / Heart medication

Answer 36

Enalapril

Question 37

Ace inhibitors increase or decrease blood pressure?

Answer 37

DECREASE

Question 38

Claims to have potential to reduce azotemia through enteric dialysis

Answer 38

Azodyl

Question 39

Decreases production of uric acid

Answer 39

Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitors