Urinary

Question 1

Other names for urination

Answer 1

Micturition and voiding

Question 2

Process of urination:

Answer 2

Bladder fills 200-450 mL of urine. 
Activates stretch receptors. 
Signals voiding reflex center. 
Contraction of detrusor muscles. 
Conscious relaxation of external urethral sphincter.

Question 3

Infants

Answer 3

8-10 wet diapers a day.

No control.

Question 4

Older adults

Answer 4

Decrease in kidney function.
Urgency, frequency common.
Loss of bladder tone and elasticity.
Leads to nocturia and incomplete emptying of the bladder.

Question 5

Nocturia

Answer 5

nightime urination. voluntary

Question 6

Enuresis

Answer 6

involuntary urination

Question 7

Nocturnal Enuresis

Answer 7

involuntary bedwetting

Question 8

Bladder crede

Answer 8

Downward pressure with hands from umbilicus to the bladder. Used to exspell urine left in bladder. for flaccid bladder to atonic bladder.

Question 9

Cystitis

Answer 9

Bladder infection

Question 10

Pyelonephritis

Answer 10

infection of ureters and kidneys.

Question 11

Urethritis

Answer 11

infection of the urethra

Question 12

Why are pregnant women more prone to UTI

Answer 12

hormonal changes and pressure of uterus on the bladder.

Question 13

How long is a womans urethra

Answer 13

3-4 cm or 1.5 inches

Question 14

How long is a male urethra

Answer 14

20 cm or 8 inches

Question 15

Symptoms of UTI

Answer 15

fever, chills, costovertebral pain, amber urine, painful urination.

Question 16

dysuria

Answer 16

painful urination

Question 17

oliguria

Answer 17

diminished urine

Question 18

polyuria

Answer 18

frequent voiding

Question 19

anuria

Answer 19

no urine

Question 20

pyuria

Answer 20

pus in urine

Question 21

urinary retention

Answer 21

inability to empty bladder.

Question 22

Manifestations of urinary retention

Answer 22

nocturia, enuresis, suprapubic distention, small frequent voiding, hesitancy

Question 23

Conventional urostomy

Answer 23

Most common!
Wears appliance to collect urine through stoma in abdomen.
Continuous drainage.

Question 24

Continent urinary reservoir:

Answer 24

Koch Pouch.
Urine drains from ureters into a surgically made ileal pouch.
Stoma on abdomen has a nipple to keep urine from leaking.
No appliance needed, cath drains it several times a day.

Question 25

Cutaneous Ureterostomy

Answer 25

routes ureters directly to surface of abdomen. | Unilateral or bilateral. Limited use.

Question 26

Neobladder

Answer 26

New bladder is made where old one was. Made of loops from intestines. No change in bowel movement.

Question 27

Urge

Answer 27

overactive bladder, need to go all of the time. Right now.

Question 28

Stress

Answer 28

laugh, cough, sneeze

Question 29

Frequency

Answer 29

frequent small voids

Question 30

Mixed

Answer 30

stress and urge

Question 31

Management of incontinence

Answer 31

#1 is bladder training.

Question 32

Pessary

Answer 32

implant in vagina to fix prolapse or pressure.

Question 33

Meds used

Answer 33

Anticholinergics: inhibit bladder contractions. | Topical estrogens: women with UI with urogenital atrophy.

Question 34

What is the best device to use when measuring urine?

Answer 34

Graduate cylinder.

Question 35

Coude cath

Answer 35

it is curved at the end, used for men with prostate enlargement.

Question 36

What is the position for inserting a catheter?

Answer 36

dorsal recumbant

Question 37

Female caths

Answer 37

insert 2-3 inches, then 1-2 more after urine present.

Question 38

Male caths

Answer 38

insert 7-9 inches, almost to bifurcation.

Question 39

Cath care:

Answer 39

empty every 8 hours or 1/2 to 2/3 full. clean with soap and water every shift. secure cath, no kinks. can delegate to UAP.