Bowel Processes Flashcards
normal bowels, constipation, main points or bowel elimination, ostomy care, different ostomys.
Gastrocolic and Duodenocolic Reflexes are most active when?
After the first meal of the day.
Valsava Maneuver
deep breath against closed glottis, moves the diaphragm down, contracting the abdominal muscles and increasing intraabdominal pressure and contract muscles to ove feces forward.
What complications can occur with Valsava Maneuver?
Increase in intracranial pressure and intrathoracic pressure.
Can cause dysrhythmias, stroke, and respiratory difficulties.
Avoidance of Valsava
Tell pt to breathe out while contracting abdominal muscles to avoid closing the glottis, this will prevent increasing the pressures.
Normal bowel sounds
High pitch clicks, sounds every minute, 5-35 sounds.
Borborgmi
stomach growling or gurgling, can hear without a stethoscope.
Sources of fiber
wheat bread, salad, apples, 8-10 glasses of water a day. Kale is a big one.
Koch pouch
internal pouch to collect ileal drainage.
Avoids continuous drainage, drained several times day.
Total colectomy with ileoanal reservoir
colon removed, pouch made by ileum and connected to rectum.
Uses toilet but still has liquid stools.
A colostomy in the transverse colon is usually…
temporary and either a double barrel or a loop.
Upper endoscopy
diectly visualizes the mucosal lining of the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum.
NPO prior for 6-12 hours.
Decreased gag reflex afterwrads. NPO until it returns.
Important to report temp elevation.
Colonoscopy
scope inserted into rectum, visualize the colon.
Clear liquid diet for 24-28 hours prior to test.
Enema may be given the night before.
Sigmoidoscopy
Visualize rectum and sigmoid colon.
Enema before procedure.
Hemoccult
Test stool for blood.
Blue is positive.
Restrict red meat, raw fruit and veg, chix, fish 3 days prior. Pork is okay.
Diarrhea
eat BRAT diet. Bananas, white rice, applesauce, and toast.
