Urinary Flashcards
removes metabolic wastes and excess biochemicals; excretes foreign substances; pair of kidneys and ureters, urinary bladder and urethra
urinary system
enclosed by tough fibrous capsule (tunic fibrosa); with renal fascia and fat
kidneys
functions of kidnes
filtration, reabsorption, secretion
talks plasma(~180L a day) and takes 1-2%; glomerular capillaries
glomerular filtration
hollow camber in medial depression that houses the hilum
renal sinus
entrance to sinus; pass blood vessels, nerves, lymph vessels, ureter
hilum
superior to ureter; funnel shaped sac, directs urine from kidney to ureter; formed by convergence of 2-3 major calyces formed by 7-20 minor calyces (renal papillae)
renal pelvis
composed of conical masses (renal pyramids); striated
renal medulla
forms shell around medulla; forms renal columns between renal pyramids
renal cortex
fibrous membrane surrounds cortex, helps maintain shape; protective
renal capsule
functional units of kidney (1 million per kidney); responsible for urine formation; consists of renal corpuscle and renal tubule
nephrons
from aorta; transport blood to kidneys (15-30% of total cardiac output)
renal arteries
risen from renal a.; pass between renal pyramids
interlobar a
vascular smooth muscle cells in the wall of the afferent tubule
juxtaglomerular cells
with macula dense, helps with the secretion of renin
juxtaglomerular cells
filters water and other & other small molecules & ions from glomerular cap plasma into glomerular capillaries
glomerular filtration
180 L; mostly water, some solutes, glucose, AA, urea, uric acid, creatine, creatinine, sodium, chloride, potassium, calcium, bicarb, phosphate, sulfate ions
glomerular filtrate
What is the pressure of the filtration with blood inside?
hydrostatic pressure
max level of substance is reabsorbed & concentration exceeds threshold, excess is excreted in urine
renal plasma threshold
the ability of an organ or tissue to maintain a constant blood flow under certain filtration rate where arterial BP is changing
auto regulation
rate at which a chemical is removed from plasma
renal clearance
