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VTNE Terminology > Urinalysis and Hematology > Flashcards

Urinalysis and Hematology Flashcards

1
Q

absolute

A
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2
Q

acanthocyte

A
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3
Q

agglutination

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4
Q

aggregation

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5
Q

agranulocyte

A
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6
Q

anemia

A

decreased RBC count or decreased hemoglobin

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7
Q

anisocytosis

A

variation in RBC diameter

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8
Q

anuria

A

absence of urine
Can be caused by acute kidney injury, severe dehydration, or urinary tract obstruction

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9
Q

azurophilic granules

A
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10
Q

basophilia

A
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11
Q

basophilic stippling

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12
Q

bilirubin

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13
Q

bilirubinuria

A

presence of bilirubin in urine
Can be caused by liver disease, bile duct obstruction, or hemolysis

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14
Q

buffy coat

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15
Q

coagulation

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16
Q

codocyte

A

also called “target cell”
abnormal RBC containing a round area of hemoglobin in the central zone of pallor

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17
Q

conjugated bilirubin

A
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18
Q

continence

A

storage of urine in bladder as it fills

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19
Q

crenation

A
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20
Q

crystalluria

A

crystals in urine which are often precursors to kidney stones
Can be caused by hypercalcemia, dehydration, or metabolic disorders

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21
Q

cylindruria

A
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22
Q

cystocentesis

A
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23
Q

dysuria

A

painful urination
Can be caused by UTI, interstitial cystitis, or kidney stones

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24
Q

ecchymosis

A
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25
Q

endogenous substances

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26
Q

eosinopenia

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27
Q

erythropoiesis

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28
Q

ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA)

A
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29
Q

exogenous substances

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30
Q

fibrinolysis

A
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31
Q

glucosuria

A

glucose in urine
Can be caused by diabetes mellitus, renal tubular disorders, or high glucose intake

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32
Q

granulocyte

A
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33
Q

hematuria

A

blood in urine
Can be caused by kidney stones, infections, or trauma

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34
Q

hemoglobinuria

A

presence of hemoglobin in urine

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35
Q

hemolysis

A
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36
Q

hemostasis

A
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37
Q

heterophil

A
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38
Q

hyperchromasia

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39
Q

hypersegmented

A
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40
Q

hypersthenuria

A

concentrated urine (SG 1.025-1.040)

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41
Q

hypertonic

A
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42
Q

hypochromic

43
Q

hyposthenuria

A

low SG of urine indicating dilute urine
Can be caused by diabetes insipidus or excessive fluid intake

44
Q

incontinence

A

dribbling of urine at frequent intervals
Can be caused by weak pelvic muscles, overactive bladder, or nerve damage

45
Q

isosthenuria

A

the inability of the kidney to concentrate or dilute urine resulting in urine with the same SG as plasma
(SG 1.008-1.012) very diluted

46
Q

ketonemia

47
Q

ketonuria

A

presence of ketones in urine
Caused by DKA, starvation, or low-carb diets

48
Q

left shift

49
Q

leptocyte

50
Q

leukemia

51
Q

leukocytosis

52
Q

leukopenia

53
Q

lymphocytosis

54
Q

macrocyte

55
Q

macrocytic

56
Q

mast cell

57
Q

microcyte

58
Q

microcytic

59
Q

micturition

A

physiological term for emptying the bladder

60
Q

monocytosis

61
Q

myoglobinuria

A

myoglobin in urine (urine color is brown)
Can indicate sign of muscle breakdown

62
Q

neutropenia

63
Q

neutrophilia

64
Q

new methylene blue (NMB)

65
Q

normochromic

66
Q

normocyte

67
Q

nucleated red blood cell (nRBC)

68
Q

oliguria

A

decreased urine output

69
Q

packed cell volume (PCV)

70
Q

petechiae

72
Q

plasma

73
Q

poikilocytosis

A

variation of RBC shape

74
Q

point-of-care testing (POCT)

75
Q

pollakuria

A

frequent urination (often confused with polyuria)

76
Q

polychromasia

77
Q

polychromatophilia

A

erythrocyte with bluish tinge

78
Q

polycythemia

A

high RBC count

79
Q

polyuria

A

increased urine output (large volumes of urine produced)

80
Q

postprandial

81
Q

proteinuria

A

abnormal levels of proteins in the urine
Can be caused by glomerulonephritis, nephrotic syndrome, or hypertension

82
Q

red blood cell (RBC)

A

carry oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body and return carbon dioxide to the lungs

83
Q

relative

84
Q

right shift

85
Q

rouleaux

86
Q

schistocyte

87
Q

smudge cell

88
Q

specific gravity (SG)

A

density of a liquid compared with distilled water

89
Q

spherocyte

90
Q

stomatocyte

A

RBCs with a slit or mouth-like (stomata) in the central zone of pallor

91
Q

thrombocythemia

92
Q

thrombocytopenia

93
Q

thrombocytosis

94
Q

torocyte

95
Q

toxic neutrophils

96
Q

turbidity

97
Q

urinometer

98
Q

urobilin

99
Q

urobilinogen

100
Q

urolith

101
Q

white blood cell (WBC)

A

help prevent and fight infection by destroying bacteria, viruses, and other foreign cells or substances

102
Q

enuresis

A

involuntary urination

VTNE Terminology (29 decks)

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