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VTNE Terminology > Urinalysis and Hematology > Flashcards

Urinalysis and Hematology Flashcards

1
Q

absolute

A
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2
Q

acanthocyte

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3
Q

agglutination

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4
Q

aggregation

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5
Q

agranulocyte

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6
Q

anemia

A

decreased RBC count or decreased hemoglobin

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7
Q

anisocytosis

A

variation in RBC diameter

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8
Q

anuria

A

absence of urine
Can be caused by acute kidney injury, severe dehydration, or urinary tract obstruction

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9
Q

azurophilic granules

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10
Q

basophilia

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11
Q

basophilic stippling

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12
Q

bilirubin

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13
Q

bilirubinuria

A

presence of bilirubin in urine
Can be caused by liver disease, bile duct obstruction, or hemolysis

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14
Q

buffy coat

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15
Q

coagulation

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16
Q

codocyte

A

also called “target cell”
abnormal RBC containing a round area of hemoglobin in the central zone of pallor

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17
Q

conjugated bilirubin

A
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18
Q

continence

A

storage of urine in bladder as it fills

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19
Q

crenation

A
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20
Q

crystalluria

A

crystals in urine which are often precursors to kidney stones
Can be caused by hypercalcemia, dehydration, or metabolic disorders

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21
Q

cylindruria

A
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22
Q

cystocentesis

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23
Q

dysuria

A

painful urination
Can be caused by UTI, interstitial cystitis, or kidney stones

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24
Q

ecchymosis

A
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25
endogenous substances
26
eosinopenia
27
erythropoiesis
28
ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA)
29
exogenous substances
30
fibrinolysis
31
glucosuria
glucose in urine Can be caused by diabetes mellitus, renal tubular disorders, or high glucose intake
32
granulocyte
33
hematuria
blood in urine Can be caused by kidney stones, infections, or trauma
34
hemoglobinuria
presence of hemoglobin in urine
35
hemolysis
36
hemostasis
37
heterophil
38
hyperchromasia
39
hypersegmented
40
hypersthenuria
concentrated urine (SG 1.025-1.040)
41
hypertonic
42
hypochromic
43
hyposthenuria
low SG of urine indicating dilute urine Can be caused by diabetes insipidus or excessive fluid intake
44
incontinence
dribbling of urine at frequent intervals Can be caused by weak pelvic muscles, overactive bladder, or nerve damage
45
isosthenuria
the inability of the kidney to concentrate or dilute urine resulting in urine with the same SG as plasma (SG 1.008-1.012) very diluted
46
ketonemia
47
ketonuria
presence of ketones in urine Caused by DKA, starvation, or low-carb diets
48
left shift
49
leptocyte
50
leukemia
51
leukocytosis
52
leukopenia
53
lymphocytosis
54
macrocyte
55
macrocytic
56
mast cell
57
microcyte
58
microcytic
59
micturition
physiological term for emptying the bladder
60
monocytosis
61
myoglobinuria
myoglobin in urine (urine color is brown) Can indicate sign of muscle breakdown
62
neutropenia
63
neutrophilia
64
new methylene blue (NMB)
65
normochromic
66
normocyte
67
nucleated red blood cell (nRBC)
68
oliguria
decreased urine output
69
packed cell volume (PCV)
70
petechiae
71
pH
72
plasma
73
poikilocytosis
variation of RBC shape
74
point-of-care testing (POCT)
75
pollakuria
frequent urination (often confused with polyuria)
76
polychromasia
77
polychromatophilia
erythrocyte with bluish tinge
78
polycythemia
high RBC count
79
polyuria
increased urine output (large volumes of urine produced)
80
postprandial
81
proteinuria
abnormal levels of proteins in the urine Can be caused by glomerulonephritis, nephrotic syndrome, or hypertension
82
red blood cell (RBC)
carry oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body and return carbon dioxide to the lungs
83
relative
84
right shift
85
rouleaux
86
schistocyte
87
smudge cell
88
specific gravity (SG)
density of a liquid compared with distilled water
89
spherocyte
90
stomatocyte
RBCs with a slit or mouth-like (stomata) in the central zone of pallor
91
thrombocythemia
92
thrombocytopenia
93
thrombocytosis
94
torocyte
95
toxic neutrophils
96
turbidity
97
urinometer
98
urobilin
99
urobilinogen
100
urolith
101
white blood cell (WBC)
help prevent and fight infection by destroying bacteria, viruses, and other foreign cells or substances
102
enuresis
involuntary urination
103

VTNE Terminology (29 decks)

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