Urinalysis

Question 1

Full urinalysis

Answer 1

Gross appearance
Dipstick
Refractometer
Cytology (with and without sedistain)

Question 2

Normal gross appearance of canine urine

Answer 2

Straw coloured, yellow, clear, no malodourous smell

Question 3

Normal dipstick results for canine urine

Answer 3

Glucose: 0
Bilirubin: 0
Ketone: 0
Specific gravity: IGNORE
Blood: 0
pH: <7
Protein: 0/+
Urobilinogen: Trace, NOT USEFUL
Nitrite: 0, NOT VALID
Leucocytes: 0, NOT VALID

Question 4

Refractometer (use and normal findings)

Answer 4

Use SG scale
Calibrate to 0 with distilled water
Normal: 1.015-1.045 (dilute/hyposthenuria <1.008, isosthenuric 1.008-1.012, concentrated/hypersthenuria >1.012)

Question 5

Prepare for microscopy

Answer 5

Remove supernatant with pipette leaving just a little then flick to mix remaining liquid with pellet
On one slide, add a drop of this with a pipette and place cover slip
Add a drop of sedi stain to the mixture, mix and put a drip on a microscope slide with a cover slip

Question 6

Dipstick important considerations

Answer 6

Check expiry date
Tap off excess urine
Replace lid on urine sample

Question 7

What should be on the results sheet?

Answer 7

Patient name