Urbanization revision book questions

Question 1

Explain push and pull factors

Answer 1

push factors: factors that cause people to move away from a place/not live in a place
pull factors: factors that attract someone to a place

Question 2

Give Push and pull factors examples

Answer 2

Push - land loss, poor living conditions (poverty and lack of sanitation), lack of opportunities (education, employment and entertainment), environmental risks and rapid population growth.

Pull - educational opportunities, entertainment, employment opportunities, medical facilities and improved standard of living

Question 3

What are the impacts of urbanization on RURAL areas?

Answer 3

More Developed - young people and families move, closing down of stores, schools and services, force others to leave town

Less Developed - rapid decrease in population men aged 15-45, loss of workers, no one looks after business, families or farms, elderly left behind, loss of customers + income

Question 4

What are the impacts of Urbanisation on URBAN areas?

Answer 4

traffic congestion 
lack of sanitation
slums 
over crowding 
lack of access to clean water 
lack of resources

Question 5

Outline environmental impacts of urbanisation

Answer 5

• Carbon emissions = continually increasing cities = 3% earths surface means 70-75% is fossil fuel emissions. people living in cities used 5-10 times more energy than rural
• Water consumption = increased population puts pressure on access to safe water, proper sanitation and storm water and waste disposal. Cities used large amounts water and produce large amount waste water
• Urban heat island effect = when cities warmer than surrounding areas. Heat comes from building and absorb heat day and release night.

Question 6

Outline the positive and negative economic and social outcomes of urbanization

Answer 6

economic -
positive = increased living stand in urban areas, raising incomes and reducing poverty.

negative = 40% urbanization lives slums, lack access to clean water and sanitation leading to diseases lots infrastructure needs

social -
positive = influenced people’s aspirations, lifestyles + social relationship, more diverse mix culture castes + religions found in cities leads to greater harmony and break down social + cultural barriers

negative = authorities have to demolish whole urban districts, have to destroy cultural social and built heritage of area, residents forced to relocate