URBANISATION Flashcards
Definition of urbanisation
increase in the proportion of people living in towns or cities
HALF THE WORLD POPULATION NOW LIVES IN URBAN AREAS
What is suburbanisation?
Expansion of a city outwards, creating suburbs.
The suburbs have houses, places of employment and services
What is counter urbanisation?
when cities grow and get expensive and crowded so people move to rural areas
What are some push factors of why people move into urban areas?
- drought
- famine
- conflicts/war
- lack of opportunities
What are some pull factors of why people move into urban areas?
- better employment opportunities
- better education
- better medical care
- higher standard of living
Factors affecting the rate of urbanisation
- Pace of economic development
- Rate of population growth
- economies of scale: financial savings in terms of transport as people are packed together
- multiplier effect: e.g. more jobs = more people move in = more demand for goods and services = even more job opportunities created
What is a mega city
A city with over 10 million people
Problems with rapid urbanisation
- congestion
- transport
- employment
- crime
- environmental issues
- housing: so have to live in shanty towns or squatter settlements
- access to water and electricity
- health and education
What is rural dilution
Features of urban environments spread into rural environments
What are dormitory settlements?
rural settlements where people go home from work to sleep as its too expensive to live in the city
What are squatter settlements or shanty towns
Slum houses made of poor building materials on neglected ground - illegal land
What happens in CBD (central business district)
Where most business is located, centre of city , accessible as well connected with major roads. Expensive land value
Oldest part of the city
What is in the inner city ring
Mostly lower class housing - early suburbs
What is in the suburban ring
Present suburbs and mostly housing
What happens as you move outwards from the CBD
- age of city and built up area decreases
- style of architecture changes
- density of development decreases
