Urbanisation

Question 1

What percentage of people lived in urban areas in:

a) 1950
b) 2014

Answer 1

A) 30%

B) 50%

Question 2

What is the trend with urbanisation in the ‘developed world’

Answer 2

• Majority of ppl live in cities, but since 1945 its only slightly increased
• This is because many ppl moved to cities in the Industrial revolution in search for work
• Now, similar numbers are leaving

Question 3

What is the trend with urbanisation in the ‘developing world’
Example of growing city

Answer 3

• Most ppl live in rural areas
• old cities growing in size now due to intense rural-urban migration
• New cities forming (Beijing, China. In 1970, the population was just 4.4 million, in 2015 its 20.4 million

Question 4

The four processes that affect populations of cities

Answer 4

1) Urbanisation
2) Suburbanisation
3) Counter-urbanisation
4) Urban resurgence

Question 5

Urbanisation

Answer 5

• growth in proportion of ppl living in urban areas
• Due to Natural increase and rural-urban migration (education/healthcare)
• Many migrants young, so have children (N.I)
• In developing countries, it can lead to Shanty towns (unplanned and illegal settlements)

Question 6

Sub urbanisation

Answer 6

Migration from city centres to outskirts

• crowded centre
• improved travel links- commuting possible
• lead to economic segregation as immigrants can’t afford to live in outskirts unlike wealthy people

Question 7

Counter-urbanisation

Answer 7

Movement of ppl from urban to rural areas

• improved transport (commuting possible)
• ppl leave cities due to high property prices and overcrowding
• can lead to new housing estates in rural areas, which locals then can’t afford

Question 8

Urban resurgence

Answer 8

Movement of ppl back to city centre

• lack of rural jobs
• common in post-industrial countries like UK
• new shops may open up in centres again, boosting economy and creating jobs.
• once again this boosted economy may lead to locals not being able to afford to live there

Question 9

Megacity

Answer 9

Over 10 million ppl

• in 1950, only Tokyo and New York
• 2014, 28
• 2030, 41?
• due to rural urban migration and natural increase
• more than 2/3 of them in developing nations
• Dominate economy, as companies build headquarters there for lots of skilled workforce and good transport links
• tend to have economic inequality

Question 10

What is a ‘World City’

Answer 10

A city that has political and financial influence over whole world E.G. London

• Lagos recently become one due to being oil rich
• dominate trade/ good transport links
• world known universities, high quality research and development
• Culture ( media and communication)
• Tend to attract migrants, tourists , businness owners etc