Urbanisation Flashcards

1
Q

What is urbanisation

A

The growth of the promotion of a city’s population that live in urban areas as opposed to rural areas

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2
Q

Cases of urbanisation

A

Natural increase as urban areas tend to have a greater youthful population therefore rates of natural increase are greater
Rural-Urban migration

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3
Q

Pull factors for rural-urban migration

A

Employment prospects
Jobs in informal sector
Better social provisions
Perceived better quality of life

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4
Q

Push factors involved in rural-urban migration

A

Poverty in rural areas due to population growth therefore over farming and low yields
Agricultural problems e.g. desertification
local disease and inadequate medical provisions
natural disaster

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5
Q

5 headings in the 5 strand model of urbanisation

A

1) Change in lifestyle
2) Change in economy
3) change in the distribution of population
4) Change in size and character of settlements
5) Change in environment

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6
Q

what does change in lifestyle mean in terms of urbanisation

A

change in the occupations, values and behaviour of people

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7
Q

What does change in economy refer to

A

The shift from primary job (farming) to manufacturing and provision of goods

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8
Q

What does change in the distribution of population mean

A

when people concentrate in certain areas, this will encourage the growth

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9
Q

How does urbanisation effect the size and character of a settlement

A

Some settlements will grow quickly others will experience differential growth from villages to towns etc until an urban agglomeration is formed

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10
Q

How till the environment change with urbanisation

A

increase in pollution and increase in man-made buildings

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11
Q

What are the features of urbanisation

A

Centripetal growth from town or city which acts as magnet
Spatial process: some areas will achieve higher levels of urbanisation which can also happen at different speeds
The speed at which urbanisation happens is dictated by the speed of development and the economy
A good global economy is required to prosper as TNC’s look for cheap labour with in turn stimulates growth

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12
Q

What stimulates urbanisation on a local scale

A

Accessibility
good resources
Population growth

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13
Q

What stimulates urbanisation on a national scale

A

increase in disposable income
Proactive gov policies
Rise in living standard
sectoral shift in the economy

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14
Q

What stimulates urbanisation on a global scale

A

Trade and foreign investment
TNC activity
Internet and good communication

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15
Q

Briefly explain reason for rapid urbanisation in Europe in 18th to 19th century

A

Industrial revolution allowed cities to grow
Agricultural revolution meant loss of agricultural work and surplus of food meaning growth in population but move to cities where factories and cities where production was concentrated attracted people
improve to transport
Improve in medicine so public health got better allowing people to live in closer proximity without spread of disease

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16
Q

Problems with urbanisation in Europe

A
slums
overcrowding 
poor living conditions
lossof farming= rural poverty 
too many people=large work force=small wages
17
Q

General problems of urbanisation

A
Waste
pollution
dualism
crime
education 
health 
employment 
transport issues
housing 
congestion