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Human Geography > Urbanisation > Flashcards

Urbanisation Flashcards

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1
Q

Inner city

A

Mix of poor quality housing & industrial buildings
Run-down and neglected
New developments on derelict land

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2
Q

Suburbs

A

Housing towards edge of city
Cheaper land - commute to work
Middle class families
Less crime and pollution

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3
Q

Rural-urban fringe

A

Urban land uses and rural land uses

Very few houses but large

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4
Q

How to Reduce waste (sustainable cities)

A

More recycling - fewer resources used
Less waste going to landfills
Disposing of toxic waste prevents air and water pollution

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5
Q

How to Conserve (sustainable cities)

A

Historic buildings restored

Natural environments protected

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6
Q

Why we use Brownfield sites (sustainable cities)

A

Stops green space being used up

Improves cities appearance

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7
Q

Carbon neutral homes (sustainable cities)

A

Generate as much energy as they use

More homes provided without damaging

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8
Q

Public transport system (sustainable cities)

A

Fewer cars on road

Buses powered with hydrogen

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9
Q

Self - help scheme

A

Government supplies but locals build

Money saved on labour goes towards basic services

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10
Q

Site and service scheme

A

Pay rent for a site to buy building materials

Rent money used for basic services

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11
Q

Local authority scheme

A

Funded by local government aimed to improve temporary accommodation built by residents

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12
Q

Characteristics of a squatter settlement

A

Illegally built
Overcrowded
No basic services
Lacks policing and medical assistance

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13
Q

Urbanisation

A

Growth in proportion of a countries population living in urban areas

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14
Q

Rural-urban migration

A

Movement of people from the countryside to the city

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15
Q

Waste disposal problems

A

Poor countries cannot afford to dispose of it

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16
Q

What do Air pollution problems cause

A

Health problems
Acid rain
Destroys O-zone layer

17
Q

What do Water pollution problems cause

A

Kills fish
Poisons humans from build up in animal food chains
Spreads diseases (typhoid)

18
Q

Management on the problems

A

Setting and monitoring air quality standards
Building sewage treatment plants
Enforcing laws forcing factories to remove pollutants

19
Q

Ethnic segregation characteristics

A

Live next to services for their culture

Prefer living next to same background or religion or language

20
Q

Ethnic segregation strategies

A

Providing interpreters in services
Suitable services for all cultures
Improve communication in services

21
Q

CBD

A

Commercial centre (shops)
Transport routes meet
High land value
Few people living here

22
Q

Urban Issues

A

Shortage of housing
Run-Down CBD’s
Traffic/Pollution from cars
Ethnic Segregation

23
Q

Urban Renewal Scheme

A

Invests in derelict inner cities (Dockland development)

24
Q

New Towns

A

House the over spill over populations (Milton Keynes)

25
Q

Relocation incentives

A

Encourage people living in large council houses to move out of urban areas
(London Council)

26
Q

How to Revitalise CBD’s

A

Pedestrianising areas
Improving access to the city centre (Transport links)
Converting derelict buildings
Improving public areas

27
Q

How to reduce traffic and its impacts

A

Improving public transport
Increasing car parking charges (London congestion charges)
Bus priority lanes
Pedestrianisation

28
Q

New Land uses

A

Shopping centres in out of town areas - CBD closes down

Inner city tower blocks removed - replaced with housing estates

29
Q

2 facts about Rio de Janerio’s squatter settlement

A

Over 600 favelas with more than 1million people

Funding for project came from Local authority and American Development Bank

30
Q

2 facts about Curitiba’s project

A

$600million is spent yearly

Aims to improve quality of life and reduce pollution & waste

31
Q

Name the social, environmental and economic factors with Rio de Janerio’s favela project

A

adult education classes to improve literacy
training people enabling them to find new jobs
widening & paving streets for better access

32
Q

Name some of the new strategies Curitiba has to improve its sustainability

A

Bus system - cheap fare for all journeys
open and conserved space - over 1000 parks
recycling - 70% of rubbish recycled

Human Geography (3 decks)

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