Population Growth Flashcards
Birth rate
number of babies born per thousand per year
death rate
number of deaths per thousand per year
Exponential rate
population growing faster and faaster
natural increase
birth rate exceeds death rate
natural decrease
death rate exceeds birth rate
Social factors associated with rapid population growth
services can’t cope
children have to work to support their families - no education
not enough houses - people home in settlements - health
food shortages
political factors associated with rapid population growth
policies only focused on young proportion of population
policies only made to keep population under control
economic factors associated with rapid population growth
aren’t enough jobs - unemployment increases
increased poverty - people born into poor families
birth control strategy factors
no resources used up
planning on children - government offers contraception
creates a sustainable development
Factors on immigration laws
governments limit/be selective of who can enter the country - people who will not contribute to the population
creates sustainable development by slowing down birth rate
Effectiveness of China one child policy
prevented 400 million births
fertility dropped from 5.8 - 1.8
Chinese want less children as they’re more wealthy
Benefits of China one child policy
Longer maternity leave
better housing
free education
What happens if you have more than one child?
family is fined and does not get any of the benefits
What are acceptations to have two children
living in rural areas
if both parents are disabled
if both parents are only childs
Effectiveness of Indonesia’s policy
Millions moved but not evenly distributed
lots moved to occupied land causing conflict with natives
once moved they did not escape poverty
Not a sustainable develpoment
Economic factors with an ageing population
taxes increase (pensions and healthcare)
money spent on retirement homes
less money spent on things to help economy grow
Social factors with an ageing population
healthcare services stretched more
people stressed from looking after older people
people have fewer children due to caring for elders
government provide small pension due to so many older people - older people retire later
Strategies not helping with a sustainable development
Encouraging larger families
Encouraging immigration
Strategies helping with sustainable development
Raise retirement age
Raise taxes
What increased the ageing population in the UK? (Case study)
Better healthcare
Past lack of contraception
WW2 baby boom
Decreasing birth rate
Issues with the UK’s ageing population (Case study)
Retirement age increased=less jobs for younger people
Healthcare under pressure
Government struggling to pay state pension
Responses to UK’s ageing population (Case study)
Encourage women to have children
Encourage young immigration
Raise retirement age to 68
Immigration
People moving into an area
Emigration
When people leave an area
