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ARPLN1 > urban theories and practices > Flashcards

urban theories and practices Flashcards

1
Q

urban theories and practices

A

• garden cities
• city beautiful movement
• new capitals
• city of towers
• broadacres
• radical urban ideas
• contemporary world urbanization

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2
Q

author of “tomorrow: a peaceful path to social reform” later retitled as “Garden Cities of Tomorrow”

A

ebenezer howard

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3
Q

one of the most important books of urban planning

A

Garden Cities of Tomorrow

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4
Q

clustered with a mother town of 58,000 to 65,000 with a smaller “garden cities” of 30,000 to 32,000 each with permanent green space separating the cities with the towns serving as horizontal fence of farmland

A

The Garden City Movement

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5
Q

rails and roads would link the towns with industries and nearby towns with industries and nearby towns supplying fresh food

A

The Garden City Movement

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6
Q

advocated the concept of the ‘social city’

A

The Garden City Movement

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7
Q

polycentric settlement, growth without limit, surrounded by a greenbelt, town grows by cellular addition into a complex

A

The Garden City Movement

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8
Q

depicted both the city and the countryside had an indissoluble mixture of advatages and disasvantages

A

the 3 magnets

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9
Q

combined the advantages of the town by way of access and all the the advantages of the country by way of environment without any disadvantages of either

A

Garden City

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10
Q

achieved by planned decentralized of workers and their places of employment, thus transferring the advantage of urban agglomeration en bloc to new settlement

A

Garden City

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11
Q

The Garden City Association was established by Howard in?

A

1899

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12
Q

first Garden city designed by Raymund Unwin & Barry Parker in 1902

A

Letchworth

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13
Q

Followers of Howard

A

> Sir Frederick Osborne
Raymund Unwin
Barry Parker

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14
Q

opened in 1907; meant only for housing but with a variety of open space instead of greenbelts

A

Hampstead Garden Suburbs

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15
Q

called the 3rd garden city

A

Wythenshawe

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16
Q

The City Beautiful Era

A

1900-1945

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17
Q

father of american city planning

A

Daniel Burnham

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18
Q

influenced by the world fairs of the late 19th century

A

The City Beautiful Era

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19
Q

emphasis was on grand formal designs, with wide boulevards, civic spaces, arts etc

A

The City Beautiful Era

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20
Q

credited for the designs of san francisco and cleveland

A

Daniel Burnham

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21
Q

Golden era of urban designs of US

A

The City Beautiful Era (1900-1945)

22
Q

the city was totally designed system of main circulation arteries, a network of parks and clusters or focal buildings or building blocks of civic centers, including city hall, court house, museum, plaza

A

The City Beautiful Era

23
Q

total concentration on the monumental and superficial, on architecture as symbols of power, and an almost lack of interest on wider social purpose of planning

A

The City Beautiful Era

24
Q

worked on the reconstruction of paris;

A

Baron George Eugene Hausmann

25
Q

new capitals

A

• brasilia ( previous rio de janeiro)
• chandigarh

26
Q

designed by lucio costa with a lot of influence from le corbusier, plans schemes did not include single population projection

A

brasilia

27
Q

two huge axes in the sign of a cross, one for gov’t, commerce, entertainment, the other residential

A

Brasilia

28
Q

Designed Brasilia

A

Lucio Costa

29
Q

the city has been both acclaimed and criticized for its use of modernist architecture on grand scale and its utopian city plan

A

brasilia

30
Q

the only realized plan of le corbusier, an og masterplan of albert myer

A

chandigarh (india)

31
Q

regular grid of major roads for rapid transport surrounding residential superblocks or sections each

A

chandigarh (india)

32
Q

the size of rectangle in each superblocks ????)

A

800x1200 meters

33
Q

whole plan represents a large scale application of the radburn principle regulized by le corbusier

A

chandigarh (india)

34
Q

radburn idea of newtown idea was to create a series of superblocks

A

clarence stein

35
Q

typified by the backyard homes facing the street and the fronts of home facing each other

A

radburn design

36
Q

basic layout of community

A

• super block concept
• cul-de-sac (cluster) grouping
• interior parklands
• separation of vehicle and pedestrian traffic to promote safety

37
Q

the neighborhood unit is by

A

clarence perry (1929)

38
Q

certains services which are provided everyday for groups of population who can’t or dont travel far, provided with accessible central place for small community w/in walking distance

A

The Neighborhood Unit

39
Q

defined as the physical environment wherein social, cultural, educational and commerical are w/in rich w/ each other

A

The Neighborhood Unit

40
Q

concerns self sustainability of smaller units

A

The Neighborhood Unit

41
Q

principle based on the natural catchment of community facilities such as primary schools and local shops

A

The Neighborhood Unit

42
Q

popularly known as le cobursier

A

Charles-Eduoard Jeanneret

43
Q

the city of towers was conceptualized by le cobursier in his book ?

A

The Cities of Tomorrow

44
Q

super building with 337 dwellings in 10 acres of land

A

The City of Towers

45
Q

proposed “La Ville Radieuse (Radiant City) anchored on objective to decongest the center of our cities by building high on small part of total ground area

A

le corbusier

46
Q

high rise offices and residential buildings with a greenbelt population of 3M

A

Le Contemporaine ( The City of Towers)

47
Q

in the 1930s, he wrote the Disappearing City and later Broadacres

A

Frank Lloyd Wright

48
Q

mass transport by car would allow cities to spread widely into countryside

A

broadacres

49
Q

homes woudl be connected to superhighways

A

broadacres

50
Q

easy and fast travel by car to any direction

A

broadacres

51
Q

proposed to house significant amount of Manhattan residents to free up space in Greenfields

A

Mile High Tower

ARPLN1 (4 decks)

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