Urban MEDC's

Question 1

How does pollution affect an MEDC?

Answer 1

• Los Angeles is particularly vulnerable to pollution as it is located in basin surrounded by mountains
• main cause of smog is from toxic fumes from cars and other transport, as well as from manufacturing
• in summer the sunlight and heat react with the smog to create photo-chemical smog as an inversion layer, which acts like a lid, keeping air and pollution below it
• this creates a build up of smog

Question 2

What is the London Congestion Charge and what are the aims?

Answer 2

• fee of £11.50 charged on most motor vehicles operating within the Congestion Charge Zone in Central London between 7:00 and 18:00, Monday’s to Friday’s
• aims to reduce congestion and pollution, make cities look more attractive and increase revenue profit

Question 3

What is Manchester Metro Link and what are the aims?

Answer 3

• capacity increases in local rail services
• reconstructed pattern of bus service
• additional park and ride spaces

Question 4

What are some benefits the London Congestion Charge?

Answer 4

• reduces pollution as fewer cars will reduce pollution
• makes city centres more attractive
• money spent on congestion charge can be spent on other forms of transport and increasing alternatives to cars

Question 5

What are some disadvantages the London Congestion Charge?

Answer 5

• the cost of the charge is higher than the cost of petrol
• evasion is possible by using fake license plates, they do not have to pay
• loss of business in London because people don’t go to London because they have to pay

Question 6

What are some benefits the Manchester Metro Link?

Answer 6

• stops people using individual transport
• less pollution
• promotes the environmental advantages of public transport

Question 7

What are some disadvantages the Manchester Metro Link?

Answer 7

• cancellations due to weather/not reliable
• overcrowding
• accidents and casualties
• noise and air pollution

Question 8

What improvements have been made in the Nightingale Estate?

Answer 8

• children’s play area and open space
• litter collection and recycling system
• improved street lighting and security cameras
• landscaping and seating. Increased greenery and trees.
• community centre built

Question 9

What is the multiplying effect?

Answer 9

-people earn money and spend it in the area, so the money goes back to the economy

Question 10

How has Brindley Place changed?

Answer 10

• beofre 1970s the area contained some of the largest factories in the world
• 1970s-1980s there was an industrial decline in Britain manufacturing, leaving the are with high unemployment and increasing dereliction
• 1990-present day, regeneration scheme occurred and is now a mixed-use canalside with buildings such as: the NIA, Sea Life centre and ICC-

Question 11

How does BedZED aim to achieve carbon neutrality?

Answer 11

• uses solar energy, reducing energy demand
• thick walls
• south facing and double glazed windows
• water and air recycled with filters
• electric car charging point
• shared car club
• lots of public transport nearby
• grow their own food
• hollistic

Question 12

How does Dontang aim to achieve carbon neutrality?

Answer 12

• homes built alongside canals and will have wind micro-turbines to reduce energy bills
• housing based in small communities with local shops, schools and a health centre
• 60% of land will be green space
• 65% of energy created by rice waste, the rest solar and wind power
• aim to achieve 90% waste recycled
• fully integrated transport system

Question 13

What is holistic?

Answer 13

-everyone believes in the way they are living and are working together to achieve the same goal