Urban issues and challanges (Lagos) Flashcards
what is a megacity
a city with a population greater than 10 million
what is urbanisation
the increase in proportion of people living in cities
what is rural urban migration
the movement of people from rural to urban areas
how many people in the UK live in urban areas
82% of people in the uk live in urban areas
why is there a slow rate of urbanisation in HICs
-most people already live in urban areas
-the population is older therefore there is less of an natural increase
why is there a fast rate of urbanisation in LICs
-there is less people living in urbanisation meaning there will be more people available to move to urban areas
- the population will be younger therefore there will be a greater natural increase
how many people in Burkina Faso live in Urban areas
only 32% of people live in Urban areas in Burkina Faso
what is Lago’s regional and national importance
- produces $90 billion a year
- contributes to 30% of GDP of Nigeria
- 80% of Nigeria’s industry comes from Lagos
- one of the main financial centres in Africa
What is Lago’s international importance
has an international airport
what is the population growth of Nigeria
600,000 per year
how has natural increase led to population increase in Lagos
- birth rate is much higher than death rate:
birth rate 36 per 1000
death rate 12 per 1000 - the population is very young as over half the population is under 25
how has migration led to population increase in Lagos
- machines have been taking over jobs in the agriculture business meaning that people are forced to migrate for jobs
- Lagos has better access to things such as health care and education
How is the healthcare like in Lagos (name one stat)
- 64 infants die per 1000 in rural areas while this figure has decreased to 21 per 1000 in Lagos.
- Lagos has overall better quality and accessibility of healthcare
how is the education like in Lagos (2 main stats)
- 70% of children in Lagos are able to attend primary school while only 29% can attend in rural areas
-there are 10 universities in Lagos
how is the electricity supply like in Lagos
- it is very unreliable as it can be frequently cut out, especially at night. However, it is still much better than rural areas.
how is the water supply like in Lagos ( 2 stats)
- unreliable, as only 10% of the population being able to have access to clean water. However, this is still better than rural areas
- In Makoko, water taps are only open 2 hours a day, this means people have a limited supply of clean water
what are the positives in the economy of Lagos (formal economy)
-Tertiary jobs such as lawyers, doctors, and teachers are in high demand in Lagos allowing people to work in the formal sector. Where they are able to have a minimum wage and work in safe conditions
- people pay tax which helps the government pay for infrastructure which could help the wider city
what are the negatives in the economy of Lagos (informal economy)
- there is no minimum wage, for example, on average people who work in the informal sector lives on less than $1.25 a day
-the informal economy also means that there is no guaranteed of holiday - no payment of tax
how many people were unemployed in 2014 in Lagos?
19% of people were unemployed in 2014 in Lagos
how has urban growth created challenges in Lagos (squatter settlements)
-60% of Lago’s population live in slums such as Makoko where living conditions are poor
- this is because many people cannot to afford to buy or rent homes, meaning they result to building their own homes on land that they do not own
how has urban growth created challenges in Lagos (waste)
- Lagos is the largest producer of waste in Nigeria
- Lagos produced 10,000 tonnes of rubbish every day, which only 40% of it is collected by the government
how is the Makoko floating school socially sustainable
- can hold up to 60 children at a time
- has a downstairs which acts as a communal area
- able to collect rain water
- allows children to have a better chance of getting a good job in the future
how is the Makoko floating school economically sustainable
- externally funded
- will improve the economic state of both children’s family and Lagos in general if children are able to get better jobs
- built from wood meaning it will be relatively cheap to build one
- provides people with jobs (builders and teachers)
how is the Makoko floating school environmentally sustainable
- made from 250 recycled plastic barrels
- roof has solar panels
- materials are locally sourced, reduce carbon emissions
limitations of Makoko floating school (scale)
small scale, only 1 house
limitations on Makoko floating school (location)
it is located on water, can be destroyed during a storm (which it did)
