urban issues Flashcards
what is rural - urban migration
movement of people from countryside to cities
what is urbanisation
countrys increase in population living in urban areas
what are push factors
make someone want to leave an area
examples of a push factor
natural disasters , unemployment
what are pull factors
encourage someone to move into an area
examples of pull factors
acces to health care , education
what is natural increase
increase in population because the birth rate is higher than the death rate
what is a megacity
urban area with over 10 million people living in it
where are mega cities
NEE ( newly emerging economy ) , LIC ( low income countries
how has urban growth created opportunities
social:
1. access to services - health and education
2. access to resources - clean water
3. education
economic:
1. informal sector employment
2. factory employment
3. industry
how urban growth has created challenges
- areas of city are overcrowded
- provides access to infrastructure
- provides access to services
- reducing unemployment and crime
- environmental issues
what is population density
number of people living within one square kilometer
where are high population densities found
in lowland areas with milder climates , fertile soils and natural resources
what is urban change
international migration leading to ethnic diversity
what is urban deprivation
area where the standard of living is lower than the rest of the country
what are brownfield sites
land that has been built on before
what are greenfield sites
land that has not been built on before - usually in the country side
what is sustainable urban living
don’t damage the environment and supports locals
