Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

AS Human Geography > Urban Environments > Flashcards

Urban Environments Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
U.S. Geography flashcards World Geography flashcards
1
Q

Define Agglomeration

A

Clustering of people and their activities around a particular location

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Define Bid-Rent Curve

A

Graph showing the different levels of rent that different land uses can afford to pay

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Define Cycle of Deprivation

A

A downward self-perpetuating spiral of decline in urban areas that leads to other problems

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Define Mega-cities

A

A city with a population of over 10 million people

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Define Sustainability

A

Meeting the needs of today without compromising the capacity of future generations to meet their own needs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the difference between world cities and mega cities

A

World cities have a global influence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Name the top three ranking world cities

A

New York
London
Tokyo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What do world cities typically contain?

A

TNC Headquarters

Leading business centres

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What has been the driving force behind urbanisation?

A

Massive rural-urban migration

Rates of natural increase that are higher in urban areas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What does Mike Davies say are the problems of mega cities?

A

Inadequate infrastructure

Lack of employment due to explosive population growth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the name of Mike Davies’s book on mega cities called?

A

Planet of Slums (2006)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the result of mega cities’s problems?

A

Poverty

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Define Urban

A

A built up area which acts as the focal point of a local area, which often has a more secondary and tertiary emphasis than primary emphasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is evidence for the for rural-urban shift?

A

1800- 5% Urban

2010- 60% Urban

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Define Urban structure models

A

Models to describe urban land use

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Name 6 types of urban structure models

A 
Zonal Model
Sector Model
Multiple nuclei Model
Pre-industrial Model
Latin American City Model
Mann's structure of a British City
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Name physical factors which influence urban land-use patterns

A

Topography

Local Climates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Name social factors which influence urban land-use patterns

A

Historic Growth
Social Distance
Traditions, value and culture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Name economic factors which influence urban land-use patterns

A

Transport technology
Competition between land uses
Transport routes
Local economic systems

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Name political factors which influence urban land-use patterns

A

Planning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is the zonal model?

A

A model which represents urban land use as a series of rings or zone. Which presumes the city grows outwards in all directions from a central zone.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is the sector model?

A

A model which describes urban land use as a series of wedges or sectors that radiates from the city centre.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Where do the wedges develop in the sector model?

A

Along transport corridors where accessibility is high

24
Q

What is the multiple-nuclei model?

A

This model recognises that often urban areas don’t focus on one central business district but rather multiple nuclei

25
Q

In the multiple-nuclei model, what often is the focus on the multiple-nuclei?

A

Outer business districts
Industry
Residential areas

26
Q

What is the Pre-industrial model?

A

This model is where the rich occupy the centre and the poor occupy the periphery

27
Q

Where is the Pre-industrial model often found?

A

LEDCs

28
Q

What is the Latin American City model?

A

A model based on Latin American cities which consists of a central square with church, administrative area and the homes of the colonial elite. The city then spreads through a grid pattern.

29
Q

How did the Latin American City model come about?

A

Colonialism

30
Q

What is Mann’s structure used for?

A

Medium sized British Cities

31
Q

What are the 6 steps of the Cycle of urban decay?

A

1) Fewer jobs and unemployment
2) Less in services
3) Infrastructure deterioates
4) People leave
5) Continuing decay
6) Lack of investment

32
Q

What is the first step of the Cycle of urban decay?

A

Fewer jobs and unemployment

33
Q

What is the second step of the Cycle of urban decay?

A

Less in services

34
Q

What is the third step of the Cycle of urban decay?

A

Infrastructure deterioates

35
Q

What is the fourth step of the Cycle of urban decay?

A

People Leave

36
Q

What is the fifth step of the Cycle of urban decay?

A

Continuing decay

37
Q

What is the sixth step of the Cycle of urban decay?

A

Lack of investment

38
Q

What are the 5 steps of the Cycle of poverty?

A

1) Children born into poverty
2) Receive little support and attend poor schools, poor health and crime
3) Leave with few qualifications
4) Find it difficult to get jobs and low wages
5) Remain trapped in cycle

39
Q

What is the first step of the Cycle of poverty?

A

Children born into poverty

40
Q

What is the second step of the Cycle of poverty?

A

Receive little support and attend poor schools, poor health and crime

41
Q

What is the third step of the Cycle of poverty?

A

Leave with few qualifications

42
Q

What is the fourth step of the Cycle of poverty?

A

Find it difficult to get jobs and low wages

43
Q

What is the fifth step of the Cycle of poverty?

A

Remain trapped in the cycle

44
Q

What are the two cycle which summarise economic and social issues in urban areas

A

Cycle of urban decay

Cycle of poverty

45
Q

How is smog created?

A

When temperature inverses to form a layer of cold, warm, cold air due to cold air being trapped below a high pressure system.

46
Q

What are the inner city suburbs of East Leeds?

A

Harehills and Gipton

47
Q

What are the outer city suburbs of East Leeds?

A

Seacroft and Killingbeck

48
Q

How far away from Leed’s CBD is Harehills?

A

1-2 km East

49
Q

What is Harehills in terms of population?

A

The most densely populated ward in Leeds

50
Q

In Harehills, how much of housing is rented from the council or social landlords?

A

2/3s

51
Q

What do Harehills residents experience?

A

Multiple Deprivation

52
Q

What causes multiple deprivation in Harehills?

A

Unemployment is high (8% in 2006)
Lack of education
Lots of ill health
Diverse population

53
Q

Why is unemployment high in Harehills?

A

Due to levels of education, Ill health and ethnicity

54
Q

How many Harehills residents do not have educational qualifications?

A

45%

55
Q

How many Harehills residents say they are in bad health due to their situation?

A

12.1%

56
Q

Why does a diverse population contribute to multiple deprivation?

A

Because often immigrants will lack language skills which would get them a job

AS Human Geography (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions