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AS Human Geography > Tourism > Flashcards

Tourism Flashcards

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0
Q

Second stage of Butler Model

A

Involvement

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1
Q

First stage of Butler Model

A

Exploration

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2
Q

Third stage of Butler Model

A

Development

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3
Q

Fourth Stage of Butler Model

A

Consolidation

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4
Q

Fifth Stage of Butler Model

A

Stagnation

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5
Q

Sixth Stage of Butler Model

A

Decline

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6
Q

What is Tourism

A

The activities of a person travelling to and staying in a place for over 24 hours but less than a year outside their usual environment

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7
Q

Define Tourism Receipt

A

Money spent by inbound visitors received by destination country

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8
Q

Domestic Tourism

A

People going on holiday in their own country

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9
Q

International Tourism

A

When people cross political boundaries from one country to another

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10
Q

Tourism expenditure

A

Total consumption by outbound visitor

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11
Q

How many jobs does tourism account for the EU’s GDP

A

9%

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12
Q

Define the Multiplier Effect

A

The knock on effect of money from tourism circulating throughout the economy

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13
Q

Describe the growth of tourism

A

In 1950 there were 25 million international tourist arrivals and in 2012 there was 1 billion arrivals

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14
Q

Name four factors that influence the growth of tourism

A

Increase of disposable income among workers
Increased media coverage
Schengen Agreement
9/11

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15
Q

How much did UK visitor numbers from China grow from 2012 to 2013

A

21%

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17
Q

How much did Chinese visitors spend in the UK in 2013?

A

£181 Million

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18
Q

Define the Carrying Capacity

A

The maximum level of use that a site, facility of resort can support without suffering deterioration

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19
Q

Define critical mass

A

The minimum number of visitors required to ensure a site, resource or destination is able to run without economic deterioration or failure

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20
Q

What was the impact of 9/11 upon global tourism?

A

Pre 9/11 numbers did not recover till 2004

Created increased security measures at airports

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21
Q

How many visitors did Orlando welcome to the city?

A

59 million visitors

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22
Q

How much does tourism contribute to Orlando’s economy?

A

$50 million

23
Q

New York’s international tourists account for want percentage of America’s total number of international tourists?

A

One third

24
Q

How many people visited America in 2013?

A

69.8 Million

25
Q

Define a “gambling holiday”

A

A holiday where the majority of time is spend gambling (the risk of losing money to gain more money), often at casinos

26
Q

What is the top three gambling destinations in the world?

A

Atlantic City
Macau
Las Vegas

27
Q

Why has Atlantic City declined?

A

It lost a local monopoly on gambling due to other states decriminalising it, offering more competition to Atlantic City’s casinos

28
Q

What has been the effect of Atlantic City’s decline?

A

Thousands of jobs have been lost

Revenue decreased by 45%

29
Q

What is the EU’s agreement on free movement called?

A

The Schengen Agreement

30
Q

Name three negative economic impacts of tourism

A

Employment is seasonal- e.g. Gambia 1/2 of the 7000 workers are laid off each year
Jobs in tourism are low-paid and unskilled
Countries will often move focus to honey-pot sites, detracting funding from more needy rural areas- e.g. Cambodia

31
Q

Define Sustainability

A

Development which meets the needs of today without compromising the ability of future generation to meet their needs

32
Q

Name three environmental impacts upon tourism

A

Landscapes- can be damages by overuse or development spoiling the view
Infrastructure and development- can cause pollution (e.g. weathering damage at the Sphinx due to Cairo traffic)
Impact on flora and fauna- mangrove swamps can be cleared for hotel construction putting dependant species at risk

33
Q

Name one example of eco-tourism in Canada

A

Clayoquat Sound

34
Q

What does Clayoquat sound do to protect the environment?

A

Sea-kayaks take visitors to see pristine forests rather than boats and fees can fund protection

35
Q

How much is the tourism industry worth in the UK?

A

£127 billion

36
Q

How many people are employed by tourism?

A

3 million

37
Q

What tradition do the Kayan women take part in?

A

Brass Rings

38
Q

Name one tourist operator who invests in local areas?

A

Travel Walji’s

39
Q

What tradition was saved by Travel Walji’s?

A

Sword Dancing in the Khartoum region of South East Asia

40
Q

What is the state standard wage in Cuba?

A

$20 per month

41
Q

How many estimated underage girls are imprisoned in Cuba for illegal prostitution?

A

660 girls in 2011

42
Q

What happened in Dubai in 2010?

A

Two couples were arrested in November and March for decency laws

43
Q

What are two positive social-cultural gains from tourism?

A

The prevention of exploitation

Investment in local communities

44
Q

What are two negative social-cultural gains from tourism?

A

Negative demonstration effect

Clash of cultures

45
Q

What is the Calvia council’s action plan called?

A

Agenda 21

46
Q

What is the steps of agenda 21?

A

Try and foresee environmental impacts
Improve existing urban development
Diversify economy away from tourism

47
Q

Where is Calvia?

A

Majorca

48
Q

What is the population of Majorca?

A

70,000

49
Q

How many hotels go up in Mombassa every year?

A

10

50
Q

How many prostitutes are there in Mombassa?

A

Over 2000

51
Q

Why does sex tourism clash with the Mombassa area?

A

It is predominately Muslim

52
Q

How many tourists visit the Galapagos Islands each year?

A

180,000 toursits

53
Q

Where do Galapagos visitors sleep?

A

On one of 85 sleeping boats

AS Human Geography (3 decks)

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