Urban environments Flashcards
urbanisation
process by which an increasing percentage of a country’s population comes to live in towns and cities
how do urban spaces differ from rural ones
- faster paced
- larger
- compact and high buildings
- finance, service and manufacturing
why is there high rates of urbanisation in developing countries
- most of new economic development is conc. in cities
- push and pull factors
- high increase in population
why is rate of urbanisation lower in developed countries
high percentage of population already live in towns and cities
megacity
a city with more than 10 million people
rural dilution
where the countryside takes on features and pace of the urban environment
causes of rapid urban growth
- natural increase
- urban pull factors
- rural urban migration
- rural push factors
what are urban pull factors
- higher wages
- pace and excitement
- improved education and healthcare
- better job opoortunities
- public utilities
- government support
rural push factors
limited healthcare and education
mechanisation of farming
lack of opportunities
lack of gov support or investment
harsh and monotonous lifestyle
agglomeration
concentration of people and economic activities in one favourabe location
suburbanisation
The process of people and businesses moving from urban centers to the surrounding suburbs, leading to the growth of residential areas on the city’s outskirts.
Define “dormitory settlement.”
A residential area where the majority of residents commute to work in nearby towns or cities.
Define “counter-urbanization.”
The movement of people from urban areas to rural areas or smaller towns
Describe “urban regeneration.”
The revitalization of urban areas that have fallen into decline, through investments in infrastructure, housing, and services
reasons for counter urbanisation
mobility and accessibility
increased wealth
agricultural decline
green belt
second homes and early retirement
urban re-imaging
changing the image and reputation of an urban area and the way people view it
urban blight
decline of buildings and older areas of the cities
what does urban re imaging focus on
new identity and function
changing quality and appereance
factors affecting the rate of urbanisation
speed of economic development
rate of population growth
reasons for growth of megacities
economic development
population growth
economies of scale
multiplier effect
world cities
cities which exert particular influence around the globe
what are the top 3 world cities
london, new york, and tokyo
what are issues of urbanization
congestion
transport
housing
employment
crime
education
environmental issues
features of urban settlements
CBD
industrial areas
residential districts
shopping centres
high rise buildings
cultual and leisure areas
car parks
stations
what is cause of segregation of land use
urban land market
