urban environments

Question 1

What is suburbanisation

Answer 1

Expansion of urbanisation outward to rural/suburban areas

Question 2

What is counter urbanisation

Answer 2

Moving away from inner urban areas

Question 3

What is a mega city

Answer 3

A city with more than 10 million people

Question 4

Reasons for rapid urbanisation in LICs

Answer 4

• better jobs, employment, economic opportunities
• better services like health and education facilities
• access to better sanitation eg clean water

Question 5

Problems associated with rapid urbanisation

Answer 5

 Congestion of people and transportation – spread of diseases.
Transport congestion.
Competition, such as employment and settlements
Increase rate of crime.
Environmental issues, such as waste disposal, sewage disposal and air pollution.

Question 6

What is the CBD

Answer 6

central business district
Most accessible, most commercial activities
Highest land values, shortage of space

Question 7

What is the rural urban fringe?

Answer 7

Boundary between city and town
Transition from city to rural residential

Question 8

Urban challenges in developed countries

Answer 8

1. Food supply chain
2. Housing
3. Energy supply
4. Transport- congestion
5. Pollution, waste disposal and transport
6. Increased consumption, high ecological footprint

Question 9

Urban challenges in developing countries

Answer 9

Informal economy
Water and sanitation
Air quality
Quality of life 

Question 10

Strategies to manage environmental challenges in urban areas

Answer 10

Develop rural urban fringe
Sustainable urban systems
Greenfield brownfield sites

Question 11

Advantages of developing rural urban fringes

Answer 11

Space for free parking
Space for expansion and less cluster
Easily accessible by cars
Reduce environmental pressures and problems in city centres
Cheaper land,more affordable?

Question 12

Disadvantages of the development of the rural urban fringe

Answer 12

Destroy large amount of undeveloped valuable habitats
pollution extend to the edge of town as well
Successful out of developments me trade away from the city centres and lead to decline in sales in CBD 

Question 13

Advantages to develop on greenfield sites

Answer 13

Cheap
Pleasant and spacious environment

Question 14

Disadvantages of building on greenfield sites

Answer 14

Destroy natural habitat
Reduction in biodiversity
Increase impermeability leads to flooding

Question 15

Advantages of building on brownfield sites

Answer 15

Redevelopment of disused land
Does not harm the environment
Creates jobs locally

Question 16

Disadvantages of building in Brownfield sites

Answer 16

Congestion
Land may be contaminated
Widespread air and water pollution 

Question 17

What a sustainable urban systems

Answer 17

Circular cities, consume resources of a smaller scale and cause less pollution by recycling, using organic waste and use renewable energy

Question 18

How to achieve sustainability in urban area

Answer 18

Reduce use of fossil fuel eg. Encourage use of public transport
Provide sufficient green spaces
Use renewable resources
Encourage active involvement
Conserve nonrenewable resources

Question 19

Stakeholders

Answer 19

Local planners and politicians that want change will help with any obstacles or opposition to regeneration/renewal
Partnerships between local councils and developers will be set up
Property developers are crucial to the design and funding of any project
Employers are included, as they will provide new work to change the economy and image of the area