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Geography AQA B SA- Coasts > Urban Deck - Copy (2) > Flashcards

Urban Deck - Copy (2) Flashcards

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1
Q

In 2015 how many people lived in urban areas in the world?

A

60%

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2
Q

As of 2025, how many megacities are there?

A

27

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3
Q

Where has the highest rates of urbanisation, LEDCs or MEDCs?

A

LEDCs. Africa has the highest rates of urban growth

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4
Q

What is urban sprawl?

A

Where cities grow in their physical size.

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5
Q

What is rural-urban migration?

A

Where people move from the countryside to the city- often for employment

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6
Q

Why are urban populations in LEDCs often youthful?

A

They have higher birth rates (more babies).

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7
Q

What is a megacity?

A

A city with more than 10 million people.

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8
Q

What is a suburb?

A

an area on the outskirts of a city e.g. Doxford Park.

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9
Q

What is bronchitis?

A

Imflammation of the tube leading to the lungs. Can be a result of iar pollution.

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10
Q

What is smog?

A

a mixture of smoke and fog.

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11
Q

Name some ways cities affect the environment.

A

There are many ways cities affect the environment. Some are: growing demand for transport, energy and water. Waste is ofetn dumped and burnt. Water systems become polluted and contaminated by industrial and human waste.

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12
Q

How has Curitiba improved the urban environment?

A

Curitiba has a ‘sustainable master plan’. This includes having a traffic free city, integrated bus system, more green space, recycling building, 70% of rubbish is recycled.

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13
Q

Define the term sustainable.

A

Meeting the needs of people without damaging the environment or exploiting resources.

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14
Q

Why is Los Angeles known as a ‘multi-hazard’ city?

A

It lies on the San Andreas Fault line and suffers from very powerful earthquakes and the coast is in the Pacific tsunami zone, In the winter there is heavy rain causing landslides.

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15
Q

How might flooding be managed?

A

Flood management plans are the best approach such as the Thames Region Flood Management Plan.

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16
Q

Give an example of a UK flood event.

A

Storm Desmond 5th December 2015. Effected the North West of England, particularly Cumbria.

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17
Q

How is the River Thames being managed?

A

Land use planning- less building on flood plains. Oopen space near rivers wherever possible. Better use of existing floodplain. Improved flood defences.

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18
Q

Define the term deprivation.

A

When a person’s quality of life falls below a level that is regarded as the acceptable minimum by the government of that country.

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19
Q

What determines a person’s quality of life?

A

It is determined by the general conditions by which people live. It can include economic conditions such as income and social condition such as health and education.

20
Q

Name three ways deprived areas can be improved

A

The WHO (World Health Organization suggests there are three ways to help: 1. Measuring and understanding the problems of an area. 2. Improving housing health and education. 3. Building community spirit.

21
Q

Name a place that has high levels of deprivation in London.

A

Hackney, East London

22
Q

How has the Nightingale Estate been improved?

A

Some tower blocks were demolished. Improved street lighting and security cameras. Litter collection and recycling system, community centre built.

23
Q

What does regeneration mean?

A

Improving an area through improving infrastructure and buildings. Usually offering more services.

24
Q

How was the City Hospital in Birmingham improved?

A

35 million development, which includes an eye hospital and a teaching unit.

25
Q

How was Eastside in Birmingham improved?

A

40 million redevelopment of Matthew Bolton College. New Technology Institute and the region’s first IMAX theatre.

26
Q

What is the Bullring in Birmingham?

A

A redeveloped shopping centre which opened in 2003 with over 140 major shops including Selfridges.

27
Q

How was Brindley place improved.

A

It has been developed to create mixed use residential and commercial accommodation.

28
Q

Give an example of deindustrialisation in Birmingham.

A

Fort Dunlop (tyre factory).

29
Q

What is an integrated transport system?

A

Where all parts of the system fit together to make it effient. E.g. Curitiba.

30
Q

How does Curitiba manage traffic?

A

Direct buses, speedy buses, interdistrict buses.

31
Q

Is Curitiba’s transport system effective?

A

1.3 million passengers a day. 80% of all commuters use buses. 30 million fewer car trips a year.

32
Q

What is a slum?

A

A slum is sometimes known as a ‘shanty town’. It is an area of very poor housing where people have usually built the house themselves from basic material.

33
Q

Name an example of a slum in Lagos.

A

Makoko

34
Q

Name an example of a slum in Mumbai.

A

Dharavi

35
Q

How many people in Makoko have access to running water?

A

10%

36
Q

What are the advantages of urban growth?

A

Often cities provide a better quality of life this can include; education, clean water, santitation and health care.

37
Q

What is a self-help scheme?

A

It is where people take responsibility for improving their own living conditions.

38
Q

What is the COHAB?

A

In Curitiba the COHAB is the city’s public housing programme. They try to create homes for 50,000 people, not just shelters. They did this by teaching people how to build their homes and they give small loans to people to help them get started.

39
Q

What is an NGO?

A

A non- governmental organisations such as a charity.

40
Q

How many people die from water-related diseases?

A

24%

41
Q

What is BEDZED?

A

A sustainable housing community in South London.

42
Q

Define brownfield land.

A

An area of land that has become rundown and derelict.

43
Q

Define the tern ecological footprint.

A

The impact of an individual on the Earth (measured in hectares per person)

44
Q

Give an example of an eco home.

A

Greenhouse, South Leeds.

45
Q

What is ‘greenhouse’?

A

Greenhouse is an urban regeration programme in South Leeds, providing 172 ecohomes.

46
Q

What is urban greening?

A

Increasing the amount of green space in cities. This can include, spaces and parkes, green roofs and planting trees along roads and railways.

47
Q

Give some examples of urban greening.

A

Olympic Park in London and the Garden Bridge in London.

Geography AQA B SA- Coasts (2 decks)

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