Urban as Ecology Flashcards
1
Q
Vibrations transmitted through air or another medium that can be detected by organs of hearing
A
Sound
2
Q
An unexpected, undesired, or unpleasant sound
A
Noise
3
Q
The disturbing noise with harmful impacts on the activity of human and animal life
A
Noise pollution
4
Q
- Sleeping disorders
- Poor communication
- Headache, irritability, nervousness, fatigue
- Impacts on wildlife
A
Impacts of noise pollution
5
Q
- Changes animal behavior
- Messes up bird migration patterns
- Reduces melatonin production
- CO2 emissions from electricity use
A
Impacts of light pollution
6
Q
The phenomenon of higher temperatures in urban areas
A
Urban Heat Island Effect
7
Q
- Shading from vegetation results in significantly cooler surfaces
- Transpiration removes heat from the air
A
Loss of Vegetation
8
Q
Less effective at reflecting solar radiation albedo
A
Heat Absorbing Materials
9
Q
Heat radiating out from buildings trapped by surrounding buildings
A
Urban morphology traps heat
10
Q
- Cars, trucks, buses
- Air conditioning units
- Industrial facilities
A
Waste heat
11
Q
- Increase in population
- Increase in trip lengths
- Increase in number of trips
- Decrease in vehicle occupancy
A
Reasons for growth in driving
12
Q
- Traffic accidents
- Difficult weather conditions
- Unexpected spikes in traffic
- Bottlenecks
- Disable traffic control equipment
A
Causes of congestion
13
Q
- Time lost
- Money lost
- Fatalities
- Air pollution
A
Costs of congestion
14
Q
- Lane priority
- Signal priority
- Fare collection
- Rider appeal
- Land use policy
A
Elements of bus rapid transit
15
Q
- Sidewalks & crosswalks
- Bike & bus lanes
- Medians
- Green spaces
A
Elements of complete streets
