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Jeff Science UR > UR Chemistry Revision Questions > Flashcards

UR Chemistry Revision Questions Flashcards

1
Q

What is the composition of Air?

A

78% nitrogen, 20% oxygen, 0.04% carbon dioxide, 1% noble gases, water vapour and pollutants variable

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2
Q

Is air a mixture, compound or element?

A

Mixture

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3
Q

Which gas is the only reactive gas in air?

A

Oxygen

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4
Q

What is the percentage of this gas?

A

20.0%

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5
Q

Describe a physical test & result for water (this will prove its purity).

A

Test its boiling point, it will boil at 100,C

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6
Q

Describe the test and result for carbon dioxide.

A

Bubble the gas through Limewater, turns from clear to cloudy

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7
Q

Describe the test and result for hydrogen.

A

Test with a lighted splint, burns with a squeaky pop.

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8
Q

Describe the test and result for oxygen.

A

Test with a glowing splint, this will relight (oxygen supports combustion)

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9
Q

Name the gas given off when potassium permanganate (vii) is decomposed.

A

oxygen

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10
Q

Name the gas given off when limestone is heated.

A

carbon dioxide

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11
Q

What is the chemical name for limestone?

A

calcium carbonate

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12
Q

Which separation technique would be used to separate sand from a mixture of salt solution and water?

A

Filtration

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13
Q

Which separation technique would be used to separate the salt from a salt solution?

A

Evaporation

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14
Q

Which separation technique would be used to separate both the salt and the water?

A

Distillation

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15
Q

Which separation technique would be used to separate a mixture of ethanol and water?

A

Fractional distillation

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16
Q

Which separation technique would be used to separate the colours in a selection of dyes?

A

Chromatography

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17
Q

In salt solution what is the name of the solute?

A

Salt -sodium chloride

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18
Q

In salt solution what is the name of the solvent?

A

Water

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19
Q

What is the name for a soluble solid?

A

Solute

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20
Q

Define a saturated solution.

A

A solution in which no more of the solute can be dissolved at that temperature

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21
Q

Write the word equation for combustion.

A

fuel +oxygen → carbon dioxide + water vapour + soot (Carbon)

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22
Q

Which two elements are contained in the fuel (hydrocarbon)?

A

carbon and hydrogen

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23
Q

Which gas is needed for fuels to burn?

A

oxygen

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24
Q

Name three fuels.

A

Coal, oil, gas (methane -natural gas), wood, petrol

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25
Q

Rusting requires two chemicals to react with the iron or steel-name them.

A

oxygen and water

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26
Q

Name three ways to prevent rusting.

A

Painting, galvanising, oiling

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27
Q

metal + oxygen →

A

metal oxide

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28
Q

copper + oxygen →

A

copper oxide

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29
Q

What colour change would you see when copper is heated in oxygen?

A

Change from pink/brown to black

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30
Q

magnesium + oxygen →

A

magnesium oxide

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31
Q

What colour change would you see when magnesium is heated in oxygen?

A

Light shiny grey to white

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32
Q

MetaI + water →

A

metal hydroxide + hydrogen

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33
Q

Calcium + water→

A

calcium hydroxide + hydrogen

34
Q

What colour change would you see if green universal indicator solution was added to bases?

A

From green to blue/purple (alkaline solutions)

35
Q

Complete these acid reaction word equations: metal + acid →

A

metal salt + hydrogen

36
Q

magnesium + hydrochloric acid →

A

magnesium chloride + hydrogen

37
Q

magnesium + sulphuric acid →

A

magnesium sulphate + hydrogen

38
Q

magnesium + nitric acid →

A

magnesium nitrate + hydrogen

39
Q

metal oxide + acid → (base)

A

metal salt + water

40
Q

zinc oxide + sulphuric acid →

A

zinc sulphate + water

41
Q

metal hydroxide + acid → (alkali)

A

metal salt + water

42
Q

sodium hydroxide + hydrochloric acid →

A

sodium chloride + water

43
Q

What type of chemical reaction is sodium hydroxide + hydrochloric acid?

A

Neutralisation

44
Q

Calcium carbonate + heat →

A

calcium oxide + carbon dioxide

45
Q

What is a thermal decomposition reaction?

A

A reaction in which a compound is broken down into simpler substances

46
Q

carbonate + acid →

A

Salt + water + carbon dioxide

47
Q

calcium carbonate + hydrochloric acid →

A

calcium chloride + water + carbon dioxide

48
Q

copper carbonate + sulphuric acid →

A

copper sulphate + water + carbon dioxide

49
Q

Which gas is given off when carbonates are heated or added to acid?

A

carbon dioxide

50
Q

iron + copper sulphate →

A

iron sulphate + copper

51
Q

What colour changes would you see in the reaction iron + copper sulphate?

A
  1. The blue copper sulphate solution becomes less blue. 2. There is formation of a pink/brown solid (copper)
52
Q

What type of chemical reaction is iron + copper sulphate?

A

Displacement

53
Q

copper oxide + carbon →

A

copper + carbon dioxide

54
Q

What type of chemical reaction is copper oxide + carbon?

A

Oxidation -reduction

55
Q

What does oxidation mean?

A

Gaining oxygen

56
Q

What does reduction mean?

A

Losing oxygen

57
Q

Which reactant is oxidised in the reaction copper oxide + carbon?

A

carbon

58
Q

Which reactant is reduced in the reaction copper oxide + carbon?

A

copper oxide

59
Q

Which other non-metallic element can be used as a reducing agent?

A

hydrogen

60
Q

copper oxide + hydrogen →

A

copper +water (hydrogen oxide)

61
Q

Name five properties of metals.

A

Good conductors of heat and electricity, malleable, sonorous, high melting points, shiny, form basic oxides

62
Q

Name five properties of non-metals.

A

Poor conductors of heat and electricity, insulators, brittle, low melting and boiling points, dull, form acidic oxides.

63
Q

Name five metals.

A

Magnesium, copper, sodium, calcium, zinc, lithium, titanium, aluminium, potassium, iron, nickel, cobalt,

64
Q

Name five non-metals.

A

Oxygen, sulphur, carbon, nitrogen, helium, hydrogen, argon, xenon, radon, chlorine, iodine, bromine

65
Q

What type of oxide do metals form?

A

basic

66
Q

What type of oxide do non-metals form? Hydrogen is the exception - what type of oxide does it form?

A

Acidic / Neutral -water

67
Q

Acids have a pH value from _______ to _______, neutral substances have a pH value of _______ and alkalis have a pH from ________ to ________. A strong acid could be ________ having a pH of 1. A strong alkali could be ________ having a pH of 14. An example of a neutral substance is ________

A

zero, six seven eight, fourteen, hydrochloric, sodium hydroxide solution, water

68
Q

Name two everyday uses of neutralisation and what is used to neutralise the excess acid or alkali.

A
  1. neutralising acidic soil-Lime (calcium oxide) is used by farmers for this / 2. treating acid indigestion
69
Q

Why do we use weak acids or alkalis for neutralising?

A

a weak alkali such as magnesium hydroxide (milk of magnesia), an antacid is used So that the neutralisation can be done carefully and more can be added if necessary.

70
Q

Name three pollutant gases.

A

Carbon dioxide, sulphur dioxide, nitrogen oxides

71
Q

How are these three pollutant gases formed?

A

Carbon dioxide is formed from combustion, sulphur dioxide is formed by burning fossil fuels and nitrogen oxides are formed from vehicle exhausts

72
Q

What are the effects of these gases on the environment?

A

Carbon dioxide is responsible for the greenhouse effect -global warming, sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxides dissolve in rain water and form acid rain -pH lower than 6.

73
Q

sulphur, carbon, copper, magnesium, zinc, sodium Which forms a pollutant gas?

A

carbon, sulphur

74
Q

sulphur, carbon, copper, magnesium, zinc, sodium Which is a dull, yellow solid?

A

sulphur

75
Q

sulphur, carbon, copper, magnesium, zinc, sodium Which is used for galvanising?

A

zinc

76
Q

sulphur, carbon, copper, magnesium, zinc, sodium Which can be used for hot water pipes?

A

copper

77
Q

sulphur, carbon, copper, magnesium, zinc, sodium Which forms a white oxide when heated in air (oxygen)?

A

magnesium

78
Q

sulphur, carbon, copper, magnesium, zinc, sodium Which is the most reactive metal (it has to be stored in oil)?

A

sodium

79
Q

Name two oxides that do not change chemically when heated.

A

magnesium oxide, copper oxide, zinc oxide

80
Q

What do compound names end in when there are two elements chemically combined? Give an example.

A

ide

Jeff Science UR (8 decks)

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