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UR Chemistry Revision Questions Flashcards

1
Q

What is the composition of Air?

A

78% nitrogen, 20% oxygen, 0.04% carbon dioxide, 1% noble gases, water vapour and pollutants variable

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2
Q

Is air a mixture, compound or element?

A

Mixture

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3
Q

Which gas is the only reactive gas in air?

A

Oxygen

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4
Q

What is the percentage of this gas?

A

20.0%

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5
Q

Describe a physical test & result for water (this will prove its purity).

A

Test its boiling point, it will boil at 100,C

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6
Q

Describe the test and result for carbon dioxide.

A

Bubble the gas through Limewater, turns from clear to cloudy

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7
Q

Describe the test and result for hydrogen.

A

Test with a lighted splint, burns with a squeaky pop.

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8
Q

Describe the test and result for oxygen.

A

Test with a glowing splint, this will relight (oxygen supports combustion)

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9
Q

Name the gas given off when potassium permanganate (vii) is decomposed.

A

oxygen

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10
Q

Name the gas given off when limestone is heated.

A

carbon dioxide

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11
Q

What is the chemical name for limestone?

A

calcium carbonate

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12
Q

Which separation technique would be used to separate sand from a mixture of salt solution and water?

A

Filtration

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13
Q

Which separation technique would be used to separate the salt from a salt solution?

A

Evaporation

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14
Q

Which separation technique would be used to separate both the salt and the water?

A

Distillation

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15
Q

Which separation technique would be used to separate a mixture of ethanol and water?

A

Fractional distillation

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16
Q

Which separation technique would be used to separate the colours in a selection of dyes?

A

Chromatography

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17
Q

In salt solution what is the name of the solute?

A

Salt -sodium chloride

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18
Q

In salt solution what is the name of the solvent?

A

Water

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19
Q

What is the name for a soluble solid?

A

Solute

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20
Q

Define a saturated solution.

A

A solution in which no more of the solute can be dissolved at that temperature

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21
Q

Write the word equation for combustion.

A

fuel +oxygen → carbon dioxide + water vapour + soot (Carbon)

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22
Q

Which two elements are contained in the fuel (hydrocarbon)?

A

carbon and hydrogen

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23
Q

Which gas is needed for fuels to burn?

A

oxygen

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24
Q

Name three fuels.

A

Coal, oil, gas (methane -natural gas), wood, petrol

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25
Rusting requires two chemicals to react with the iron or steel-name them.
oxygen and water
26
Name three ways to prevent rusting.
Painting, galvanising, oiling
27
metal + oxygen →
metal oxide
28
copper + oxygen →
copper oxide
29
What colour change would you see when copper is heated in oxygen?
Change from pink/brown to black
30
magnesium + oxygen →
magnesium oxide
31
What colour change would you see when magnesium is heated in oxygen?
Light shiny grey to white
32
MetaI + water →
metal hydroxide + hydrogen
33
Calcium + water→
calcium hydroxide + hydrogen
34
What colour change would you see if green universal indicator solution was added to bases?
From green to blue/purple (alkaline solutions)
35
Complete these acid reaction word equations: metal + acid →
metal salt + hydrogen
36
magnesium + hydrochloric acid →
magnesium chloride + hydrogen
37
magnesium + sulphuric acid →
magnesium sulphate + hydrogen
38
magnesium + nitric acid →
magnesium nitrate + hydrogen
39
metal oxide + acid → (base)
metal salt + water
40
zinc oxide + sulphuric acid →
zinc sulphate + water
41
metal hydroxide + acid → (alkali)
metal salt + water
42
sodium hydroxide + hydrochloric acid →
sodium chloride + water
43
What type of chemical reaction is sodium hydroxide + hydrochloric acid?
Neutralisation
44
Calcium carbonate + heat →
calcium oxide + carbon dioxide
45
What is a thermal decomposition reaction?
A reaction in which a compound is broken down into simpler substances
46
carbonate + acid →
Salt + water + carbon dioxide
47
calcium carbonate + hydrochloric acid →
calcium chloride + water + carbon dioxide
48
copper carbonate + sulphuric acid →
copper sulphate + water + carbon dioxide
49
Which gas is given off when carbonates are heated or added to acid?
carbon dioxide
50
iron + copper sulphate →
iron sulphate + copper
51
What colour changes would you see in the reaction iron + copper sulphate?
1. The blue copper sulphate solution becomes less blue. 2. There is formation of a pink/brown solid (copper)
52
What type of chemical reaction is iron + copper sulphate?
Displacement
53
copper oxide + carbon →
copper + carbon dioxide
54
What type of chemical reaction is copper oxide + carbon?
Oxidation -reduction
55
What does oxidation mean?
Gaining oxygen
56
What does reduction mean?
Losing oxygen
57
Which reactant is oxidised in the reaction copper oxide + carbon?
carbon
58
Which reactant is reduced in the reaction copper oxide + carbon?
copper oxide
59
Which other non-metallic element can be used as a reducing agent?
hydrogen
60
copper oxide + hydrogen →
copper +water (hydrogen oxide)
61
Name five properties of metals.
Good conductors of heat and electricity, malleable, sonorous, high melting points, shiny, form basic oxides
62
Name five properties of non-metals.
Poor conductors of heat and electricity, insulators, brittle, low melting and boiling points, dull, form acidic oxides.
63
Name five metals.
Magnesium, copper, sodium, calcium, zinc, lithium, titanium, aluminium, potassium, iron, nickel, cobalt,
64
Name five non-metals.
Oxygen, sulphur, carbon, nitrogen, helium, hydrogen, argon, xenon, radon, chlorine, iodine, bromine
65
What type of oxide do metals form?
basic
66
What type of oxide do non-metals form? Hydrogen is the exception - what type of oxide does it form?
Acidic / Neutral -water
67
Acids have a pH value from _______ to _______, neutral substances have a pH value of _______ and alkalis have a pH from ________ to ________. A strong acid could be ________ having a pH of 1. A strong alkali could be ________ having a pH of 14. An example of a neutral substance is ________
zero, six seven eight, fourteen, hydrochloric, sodium hydroxide solution, water
68
Name two everyday uses of neutralisation and what is used to neutralise the excess acid or alkali.
1. neutralising acidic soil-Lime (calcium oxide) is used by farmers for this / 2. treating acid indigestion
69
Why do we use weak acids or alkalis for neutralising?
a weak alkali such as magnesium hydroxide (milk of magnesia), an antacid is used So that the neutralisation can be done carefully and more can be added if necessary.
70
Name three pollutant gases.
Carbon dioxide, sulphur dioxide, nitrogen oxides
71
How are these three pollutant gases formed?
Carbon dioxide is formed from combustion, sulphur dioxide is formed by burning fossil fuels and nitrogen oxides are formed from vehicle exhausts
72
What are the effects of these gases on the environment?
Carbon dioxide is responsible for the greenhouse effect -global warming, sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxides dissolve in rain water and form acid rain -pH lower than 6.
73
sulphur, carbon, copper, magnesium, zinc, sodium Which forms a pollutant gas?
carbon, sulphur
74
sulphur, carbon, copper, magnesium, zinc, sodium Which is a dull, yellow solid?
sulphur
75
sulphur, carbon, copper, magnesium, zinc, sodium Which is used for galvanising?
zinc
76
sulphur, carbon, copper, magnesium, zinc, sodium Which can be used for hot water pipes?
copper
77
sulphur, carbon, copper, magnesium, zinc, sodium Which forms a white oxide when heated in air (oxygen)?
magnesium
78
sulphur, carbon, copper, magnesium, zinc, sodium Which is the most reactive metal (it has to be stored in oil)?
sodium
79
Name two oxides that do not change chemically when heated.
magnesium oxide, copper oxide, zinc oxide
80
What do compound names end in when there are two elements chemically combined? Give an example.
ide

Jeff Science UR (8 decks)

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