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SUMMER PHARM > Uptake/Distribution of INH agents > Flashcards

Uptake/Distribution of INH agents Flashcards

1
Q

Uptake of the volatile anesthetic into the blood is determined by what 3 things?

A

Solubility of the agent
CO
A-v pressure differences

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2
Q

________ determines how the anesthetic will partition itself b/t the blood and air phases when equilibrium is reached.

A

Solubility

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3
Q

Solubility looks at the equilibrium state of equal __________________

A

partial pressures

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4
Q

Solubility is expressed in terms of ___________ ___________

A

partition coefficients

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5
Q

What is the B:G coefficient for Desflurane?

A

.42

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6
Q

What is the B:G coefficient for N2O

A

.47

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7
Q

What is the B:G coefficient for Sevo?

A

.69

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8
Q

What is the B:G coefficient for Isoflurane?

A

1.4 (intermediate)

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9
Q

What is the B:G coefficient for Enflurane?

A

1.8

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10
Q

What is the B:G coefficient for Halothane?

A

2.4 (most soluble)

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11
Q

Solubility will determine the ______________

A

alveolar concentration

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12
Q

A lower HCT will make the gas _______ soluble which will mean a ______ induction

A

less soluble

faster

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13
Q

The steeper the FA/FI slope, the __________ the onset of the agent.

A

faster

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14
Q

T/F: PA = Pa = Pbr

A

true! this is how we use PA to estimate the depth of anesthesia and MAC

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15
Q

The PA (pressure in alveoli) of volatile anesthetic is determined by what 4 things:

A

PI (inhaled partial pressure)
alveolar ventilation
breathing circuit
FRC

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16
Q

Changes in alveolar concentration are more rapid with a _____ rate and _____ tidal volumes

A

fast
small
IE) hyperventilate for a more rapid change

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17
Q

The ________ soluble agents have fastest rate of the alveolar gas matching the inspired concentration over time

A

least

18
Q

The First knee of the FA/ FI ratio is the uptake by the ____________________ and the 2nd knee represents uptake by the ________________

A

VRG

MG

19
Q

The higher the solubility, the ________ the increase in alveolar concentration rise toward inspired concentration.

A

slower.

20
Q

The use of high delivered concentrations is called “________________”. We use this with soluble agents to get a ________ induction.

A

overpressure

faster – like with Halothane

21
Q

The Lower the B/G solubility coefficient, the _________ time emergence will take

A

shorter

22
Q

If you increase the CO the FA/FI curve will

A

decrease

23
Q

The a-v difference reflects uptake of anesthetic by the _________

A

tissues

24
Q

For lean tissue (brain).. tissue/ blood partition coefficients are __________

A

between 1-2

25
Q

For Fat, tissue/blood partition coefficients are __________ except for N2O which is _____.

A 
very high (27-67)
2.3
26
Q

At the VRG, equilibrium is reached within ___-___ minutes

A

5-15

27
Q

The VRG makes up ____% of our body mass but ____ % of our CO.

A

10

75

28
Q

Definition of MAC is:

A

Minimum Alveolar Concentration

29
Q

MAC is the concentration that will……

A

produce absence of movement in 50% to a noxious stimuli

30
Q

Increasing ventilation will increase the FA/FI curve more for a ___________ soluble agent.

A

highly

31
Q

In a SPONTANEOUSLY ventilating pt, at % inspired increases, the FA/FI ratio ________

A

decreases (protective negative feedback mechanism against OD)

32
Q

The higher the FRC, the ___________ the speed of induction

A

slower

33
Q

The greater the alveolar ventilation/FRC ratio means the ___________ the induction

A

faster

34
Q

With a V:Q abnormality, you will get a L to R shunt and this causes a ____________ effect that will cause a _______ induction.

A

dilutional

slower

35
Q

The ________ the solubility of the agent, the more shunting you will see.

A

lower

36
Q

_____________ happens when a large volume of gas is absorbed and the remaining residual gas in the lung is concentrated as volume decreases

A

concentration effect

37
Q

The 2nd gas effect happens with the use of what gas?

A

N2O

38
Q

______ soluble anesthetics washout first

A

less

39
Q

Which is more soluble? N20 or nitrogen?

A

N20

40
Q

What is the B/G coefficient of Nitrogen vs N20?

A

N2O=.47, nitrogen = .014

41
Q

__________ hypoxia is possible with the use of N2o

A

diffusion

SUMMER PHARM (5 decks)

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