Upscaling and Integration

Question 1

What tool can be used to help assess whether the degree of heterogeneity is maintained at different scales (core, log, static model)?

Answer 1

A plot of the cumulative flow capacity (kh) vs the cumulative storage capacity (por*h), a so-called Lorentz plot.

Question 2

What is the general rule of thumb in determining the vertical thickness of layers when defining layering?

Answer 2

Vertical thickness of layers should be half that of the thinnest features to affect flow.
Note: Often this is not possible due to practical computing constraints.

Question 3

What logs can be inspected to determine the thinnest features to affect flow?

Answer 3

Facies, porosity and permeability logs

Question 4

What are the 6 logs to be upscaled?

Answer 4

• Facies
• NTG
• Cut porosity
• Cut kh
• Uncut kv
• Saturation

Question 5

What are the 3 kv upscaling workflow?

Answer 5

• kv/kh from vertical interference tests (MDT) which becomes multiplier to upscaled kh to get upscaled kv
• assume kv/kh=1 in Begg and King equation to get multiplier to upscaled kh to get upscaled kv
• kv/kh from core data, logs, etc. which becomes multiplier to kh or upscaled kh to get kv or upscaled kv