Upper Winds

Question 1

Characteristic of upper winds

Answer 1

The HIGH-LEVEL WINDS are FASTER
than surface winds due to:

o Reduction in air density (ρ) increases the
wind speed
o as altitude increases, pressure differential between different temperature air masses increases.

Question 2

Thermal Winds

Answer 2

The wind due to the PRESSURE DIFFERENTIAL produced by TEMPERATURE DIFFERENTIAL causing the air at height from WARM TOWARD COLD

Question 3

The tropopause fold

Answer 3

The wind due to the PRESSURE DIFFERENTIAL produced by TEMPERATURE DIFFERENTIAL causing the air at height from WARM TOWARD COLD

• JET STREAMS are found here.

Question 4

JETSTREAM

Answer 4

a narrow band of airflow more than 60 kt

Question 5

Where are the STRONGEST JET STREAMS found?

Answer 5

are found in the mid latitudes The fastest recorded jet stream (400 kt) occurred in east Asia

Question 6

Notable jet streams

Answer 6

The sub-tropical jet stream.
The polar front jet stream.
The (seasonal) arctic front jet stream
The (seasonal) tropical easterly jet stream.

Question 6

Jetsream shape

Answer 6

The differential heating of land and sea masses, and the movement of the heat equator, can produce huge changes in the shape of the temperature boundaries and thus huge distortions in the paths of the jet streams

Question 7

Clean air turbulence (CAT)

Answer 7

CAT occurs around the boundaries of Jet Stream because of the large horizontal and vertical windshear.