Upper Respiratory Tract Infections in Children Flashcards

1
Q

where do URTI affect?

A
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2
Q

Do the benefits from antibiotics justify the harm?

A
  • Diarrhoea
  • Oral thrush
  • Nappy rash
  • Allergic reaction
  • Multi resistance

There’s no doubt that the overall burden of harm from antibiotics given to the population is greater than the overall benefit

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3
Q

Putting URTI into context - how common are they?

A

very very common

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4
Q

URTIs - what are the mian features of them?

A
  • They’re common!!
  • Fever (Often associated with fever):
  • Antibiotics or not?
  • Prodrome to serious illness?
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5
Q

Natural history - is it important

A

yes

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6
Q

what is rhinitis?

A

Rhinitis is inflammation and swelling of the mucous membrane of the nose, characterized by a runny nose and stuffiness and usually caused by the common cold or a seasonal allergy

  • Very common, 5-10 per year
  • Winter months
  • Self-limiting condition

The dilemma here is..… - Prodrome to other illnesses - Pneumonia, bronchiolitis, Meningitis, Septicaemia

•Review if not sure

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7
Q

how long does a runny nose last normally?

A

Days from onset of symptoms

Some individuals, symptoms last longer

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8
Q

what is Otitis media?

A
  • Common, self-limiting
  • Not “a bit pink” - its red
  • Primary viral infection
  • Secondary infection with Pneumococcus/H’flu
  • Spontaneous rupture of drum
  • Antibiotic treatment usually doesn’t help……
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9
Q

what is the duraiton of ear ache?

A

20% of individuals can last upto 7 days

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10
Q

how do you treat otitis media?

A
  1. Analgesia works for sure (Prominent symptoms in otitis media is pain)
  2. The jury is out for antibiotics
    - Antibiotics may work >24 hours (Antibiotics don’t do any good in first 24 hours)
    - First do no harm?
  3. The end point is the same (End point is same for 99.999% of individuals so don’t use antibiotics)
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11
Q

Tonsillitis/pharyngitis - what is it, how common and how do you manage it?

A

•Common

The dilemma is….

  • Viral or bacterial?
  • Throat swab
  • Either nothing or 10 days penicillin
  • Don’t give amoxycillin
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12
Q

Croup/epiglottitis: what are they, what causes them, how common are they, how do patient present

A
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13
Q

Take home messages:

  • URTIs are very common in children
  • >99% URTIs are self-limiting (don’t say “viral”)
  • Antibiotics do not usually help
  • Understand what is normal
  • If in doubt, review
A
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