Upper Respiratory System

Question 1

What divides the nose?

Answer 1

The nasal septum

Question 2

Where and what is the nasal cavity?

Answer 2

Posterior to the nose and is lined with mucosa lining

Question 3

Function of the mucosa lining?

Answer 3

Warms the incoming air and traps foreign objects

Question 4

How are the foreign objects disposed of within the nasal cavity?

Answer 4

Ciliated cells in the nasal mucosa propel trapped debris towards the throat for digestion

Question 5

What are the ridges called that are found within the nasal cavity?

Answer 5

Conchae

Question 6

What does conchae do?

Answer 6

Increase the mucosal surface area and air turbulence allowing more particulates to contact the nasal cavity walls instead of entering the lungs.

Question 7

How is the hard palate made?

Answer 7

Bones

Question 8

How is the soft palate made?

Answer 8

By muscle

Question 9

Where and what is the uvula?

Answer 9

It ends the nasal cavity and prevents food from entering other parts of the nasal cavity when swallowed

Question 10

What surrounds the nasal cavity?

Answer 10

Paranasal sinuses

Question 11

3 functions of the paranasal sinuses?

Answer 11

1. Lighten the skull
2. Resonate speech
3. Produce mucus

Question 12

What is the pharynx know as?

Answer 12

The throat

Question 13

What lines the pharynx?

Answer 13

Clusters of lymphatic tissue known as tonsils

Question 14

What do tonsils do?

Answer 14

Trap and remove foreign pathogens entering the throat

Question 15

What are the three types of tonsils?

Answer 15

1. Pharyngeal tonsils
2. Palatine tonsils
3. Lingual tonsils

Question 16

What are the three parts of the pharynx from superior to inferior?

Answer 16

Nasopharynx, oropharynx, layngopharynx

Question 17

Where is the larynx located?

Answer 17

In the neck above the trachea

Question 18

Three functions of the larynx?

Answer 18

1. Provide an open airway (cartilage)
2. Divert air and food into the epiglottis
3. Produce sound (vocal cords)

Question 19

What does the hyaline cartilage do in the larynx and trachea?

Answer 19

Keeps the soft tissue of the upper respiratory tract from collapsing during breathing

Question 20

How many pieces of the cartilage is the larynx composed of

Answer 20

9

Question 21

What are the two largest cartilage pieces in the larynx?

Answer 21

Thyroid cartilage and cricoid cartolage

Question 22

What does the thyroid cartilage make up?

Answer 22

Adams apple

Question 23

What does the cricoid cartilage do?

Answer 23

Attaches the larynx to the trachea

Question 24

What is the epiglottis?

Answer 24

Flap of elastic cartilage and bat protects the superior opening of the larynx

Question 25

What does the epiglottis do during breathing?

Answer 25

It allows the air to pass into the lower respiratory tract

Question 26

What does the epiglottis do while eating?

Answer 26

The epiglottis top covers the larynx directing food through the esophagus

Question 27

How do vocal cords change the sound of your voice?

Answer 27

1. Pushes more air through vocal cords to change volume
2. Changes tension and thickness of the vocal cords to change pitch
3. Uses the tongue, lips, teeth, and mouth to produce various sounds called articulation

Question 28

What is the trachea?

Answer 28

A rigid tube about 5 inches long

Question 29

What do the cartilaginous rings surrounding n the trachea do?

Answer 29

Prevent the trachea from collapsing

Question 30

Why are the cartilaginous rings open on the posterior side?

Answer 30

To allow the trachea to be flexible when food is being swallowed by the esophagus