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MSAK > Upper Limbs > Flashcards

Upper Limbs Flashcards

1
Q

Medial Epicondyle of humerus is…

A

The larger epicondyle in the medial side of the humerus

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2
Q

Lateral epicondyle of humerus is…

A

Smaller epicondyle on the lateral side of the humerus

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3
Q

8 carpal bones

A

Scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, pisiform, trapezium, trapezoid, capitate and hamate

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4
Q

Teres major origin

A

The lateral border of scapula

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5
Q

Teres major insertion

A

Medial lip of intertubercular (bicipital) sulcus (groove) of humerus

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6
Q

Teres major function

A

Adduction of arm @ GHJ
Medial rotation @ GHJ
Extension of arm @ GHJ

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7
Q

Teres major innervation

A

Lower subscapular

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8
Q

Arm is divided into anterior and posterior compartment by…

A

Deep fascia called the medial and lateral intramuscular septae

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9
Q

Flexor muscles

A

Biceps brachii, coracobrachialis, and brachialis

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10
Q

Extensor muscles

A

Triceps brachii

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11
Q

Anterior compartment of the arm are innervated by…

A

Musculocutaneous

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12
Q

Biceps brachii origin (short head)

A

Coracoid process of scapula

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13
Q

Biceps brachii origin (long head)

A

Supraglenoid tubercle of scapula

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14
Q

Biceps brachii insertion

A

Radial tuberosity and the bicipital aponeurosis

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15
Q

Biceps brachii functions

A

Flexion of arm @ GHJ
Flexion of forearm @ GHJ
Supination of forearm @ elbow joint

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16
Q

Coracobrachialis origin

A

Coracoid process of scapula

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17
Q

Coracobrachialis insertion

A

Middle portion of the medial surface of humerus

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18
Q

Coracobrachialis function

A

Flexion of arm @ GHJ

Addiction of arm @ GHJ

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19
Q

Brachialis origin

A

Distal half of the anterior surface of humerus

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20
Q

Brachialis insertion

A

Ulnar tuberosity

Coronoid process of ulna

21
Q

Brachialis functions

A

Flexion of forearm @ elbow joint

22
Q

Posterior compartment of the arm is innervated by the…

A

Radial nerve

23
Q

Triceps brachii origin (long head)

A

Infraglenoid tubercle

24
Q

Triceps brachii (lateral head) origin

A

Lateral, posterior humerus (superior to radial groove)

25
Q

Triceps brachii origin (medial head)

A

Rest of posterior surface of humerus (inferior to radial groove)

26
Q

Triceps brachii insertion

A

Olecranon process of ulna

27
Q

Triceps brachii functions

A

Extension of forearm @ elbow joint

Extension of arm @ GHF (only long head)

28
Q

Extensor retinaculum

A

Fascia that thickens posteriorly over the distal ends of the radius and ulna to form a transverse band

29
Q

Flexor retinaculum

A

Fascia that forms an anterior thickening that converts the anterior concavity of the carpus

30
Q

Carpal tunnel

A

Where the flexor retinaculum covers the carpal bones it creates a tunnel which the flexor tendons and median nerve pass

31
Q

Common flexor tendon

A

Where most of the flexor-pronation muscles arise from the medial epicondyle of the humerus

32
Q

Superficial layer of flexor muscles

A

Pronator teres
Flexor carpi radialis (FCR)
Palmaris longus
Flexor carpi ulnaris (FCU)

33
Q

Intermediate layer flexor muscles

A

Flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS)

34
Q

Deep layer flexor muscles

A

Flexor digitorum profundus (FDP)
Flexor pollicis longus (FPL)
Pronator quadratus

35
Q

All flexor muscles are innervated by…except…

A

The median nerve except flexor carpi ulnaris (FCU) and the medial half of the flexor digitorum profundus (FDP)

FCU and FDP are innervated by the ulnar nerve

36
Q

Pronator teres origin (numeral head)

A

Medial epicondyle of humerus (via common flexor tendon)

37
Q

Pronator teres origin (ulnar head)

A

Coronoid process of ulna

38
Q

Pronator teres insertion

A

Middle of the lateral aspect of pronator tubercle of radius

39
Q

Pronator teres functions

A

Pronation of forearm @ radioulnar joint

Flexion of forearm @ elbow joint

40
Q

Flexor carpi radialis (FCR) origin

A

Medial epicondyle of humerus (via common flexor tendon)

41
Q

Flexor carpi radialis insertion

A

Base of the 2nd and 3rd metacarpals

42
Q

Flexor carpi radialis functions

A

Flexion of forearm @ elbow joint (weakly)
Flexion of hand @ wrist joint
Abduction (radial deviation) of hand @ wrist joint

43
Q

Palmaris longus origin

A

Medial epicondyle of humerus (via common flexor tendon)

44
Q

Palmaris longus insertion

A

Palmar aponeurosis (deep fascia) and flexor retinaculum (thickening of deep fascia)

45
Q

Palmaris longus functions

A

Flexion of hand @ wrist joint

Flexion of forearm @ elbow joint

46
Q

Palmaris longus can be absent in…

A

13% of people

47
Q

Flexor carpi ulnaris origin

A
  1. Medial epicondyle of humerus (via common flexor tendon)
  2. Medial side of olecranon
  3. Superior posterior border of ulna
48
Q

Flexor carpi ulnaris insertion

A
  1. Base of 5th metacarpal
  2. Hook of hamate
  3. Pisiform
49
Q

Flexor carpi ulnaris functions

A

Flexion of hand @ wrist joint
Flexion of forearm @ elbow joint
Adduction (ulnar deviation) of hand @ wrist joint

MSAK (6 decks)

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