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MSAK > Lower Limb Muscles > Flashcards

Lower Limb Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

Gluteus Maximus

A
  1. Origin: posterior iliac crest, postero-lateral sacrum coccyx and sacrotuberous ligament
  2. Insertion: Iliotibial tract (band) and gluteal tuberosity of femur
  3. Actions: lateral rotation, abduction, adduction and extension of thigh @ hip joint and posterior pelvic tilt @ hip joint
  4. Nerve: Inferior gluteal
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2
Q

Gluteus Medius (deltoid of hip)

A
  1. Origin: External surface of ilium (between anterior and posterior gluteal lines)
  2. Insertion: greater trochanter of femur
  3. Actions: all fibres - flexion of thigh @ hip joint (main function)
    Anterior fibres - flexion and medial rotation of thigh @ hip j
    Posterior fibres - extension and lateral rotation of thigh @ hip joint
  4. Nerve: superior gluteal
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3
Q

Gluteus Minimus

A
  1. Origin: Gluteal surface of ilium (between anterior and inferior gluteal line)
  2. Insertion: Anterior surface of greater trochanter of femur
  3. Actions: (same as gluteus medius) abduction, flexion, extension, medial rotation and lateral rotation of thigh @ hip joint
  4. Nerve: Superior gluteal
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4
Q

Tensor Fascia Lata

A
  1. Origin: ASIS and anterior part of iliac crest
  2. Insertion: ITB (ITT) proximal 1/3
  3. Actions: abduction, medial rotation and flexion of thigh @ hip joint
  4. Nerve: superior gluteal
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5
Q

Piriformis

A
  1. Origin: anterior sacrum and anterior surface of the sacrotuberous ligament
  2. Greater trochanter of femur
  3. Actions: lateral rotation (only when in extension) horizontal abduction and extension of thigh @ hip joint
  4. Nerve: nerve to piriformis (sacral plexus)
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6
Q

Biceps Femoris

A
  1. Origin: long head - Ischial tuberosity, short head - linea aspera and lateral supracondylar ridge of femur
  2. Insertion: head of fibula and lateral condyle of the tibia
  3. Actions: Flexion of leg @ knee joint, extension of thigh @ hip join and posterior pelvic tilt (long head) and lateral rotation of leg @ knee joint (when knee is flexed)
  4. Nerve: Tibial nerve (long head) common fibular/peroneal nerve (short head)
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7
Q

Semitendinosus

A
  1. Origin: Ischial tuberosity
  2. Insertion: proximal part of medial surface of shaft of tibia
  3. Actions: medial rotation (when knee flexed) and flexion of leg @ knee joint, extension of thigh @ hip joint and posterior tilt of pelvis @ hip joint
  4. Nerve: Tibial
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8
Q

Semimembranosus

A
  1. Origin: Ischial tuberosity
  2. Insertion: posterior surface of medial condyle of tibia
  3. Actions: Flexion and medial rotation (when knee flexed) of leg @ knee joint, extension of thigh @ hip joint and posterior pelvic tilt @ hip joint
    Nerve: Tibial
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9
Q

Sartorius (longest muscle)

A
  1. Origin: ASIS
  2. Insertion: proximal anteromedial tibia
  3. Actions: Flexion, lateral rotation and abduction of thigh @ hip joint, flexion and medial rotation of leg @ knee joint
  4. Nerve: femoral
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10
Q

Rectus Femoris

A
  1. Origin: AIIS
  2. Insertion: Tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament and base of patella via quadriceps tendon
  3. Actions: extension of leg @ knee joint and flexion of thigh @ hip joint
  4. Nerve: femoral
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11
Q

Vastus Lateralis

A
  1. Origin: lateral lip of linea aspera of femur
  2. Insertion: lateral border of patella via quadriceps and tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament
  3. Action: extension of leg @ knee joint
  4. Nerve: femoral
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12
Q

Vastus Medialis

A
  1. Origin: medial lip of linea aspera
  2. Insertion: medial border of patella via quadriceps tendon and tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament
  3. Action: extension of leg @ knee joint
  4. Nerve: femoral
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13
Q

Adductor Longus

A
  1. Origin: pubis
  2. Insertion: middle 1/3 of medial lip of line aspera
  3. Actions: adduction and flexion of thigh @ hip joint
  4. Nerve: Obturator
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14
Q

Adductor Magnus

A
  1. Origin: pubis and ischium
  2. Insertion: Linea aspera, gluteal tuberosity, medial supracondylar line of femur and adductor tubercle of femur
  3. Actions: adduction, extension and flexion of thigh @ hip joint
  4. Nerve: obturator and sciatic
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15
Q

Gracilis

A
  1. Origin: pubis
  2. Insertion: proximal part of medial surface of shaft of tibia (pes anserine tendon)
  3. Actions: medial rotation, flexion and adduction of leg @ knee joint, flexion
  4. Nerve: Obturator
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MSAK (6 decks)

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