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Upper Limb Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

Name the nerve which innervates the Pectoralis major and the muscle action.

A

Lateral and medial pectoral nerves, C6-8

Adduction, medial rotation (clavicular head flexes arm, sternocostal extends arm)

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2
Q

Name the nerve which innervates the subclavius and the muscle action.

A

Nerve to subclavius, C5

Anchors and depresses clavicle

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3
Q

Name the nerve which innervates Pectoralis minor and its muscle action.

A

Medial pectoral nerve

Stabilises the scapula by drawing it inferiorly and anteriorly

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4
Q

What is the innervation of serratus anterior and what is its muscle action?

A

Long thoracic nerve C6/7

Protracts and rotates scapula (abduction +90 degrees)

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5
Q

Name the five muscles of the posterior axio-appendicular region.

A 
Trapezius
Latissimus dorsi
Levator scapulae 
Rhomboid minor
Rhomboid major
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6
Q

What nerve innervates the trapezius and what is its action?

A

Spinal accessory nerve, C3/4
Elevates, depresses and retracts scapula
Rotates glenoid cavity superiorly

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7
Q

What is the innervation and action if latissimus dorsi?

A

Thoracodorsal nerve, C6-8

Extends, adducts and medially rotates humerus

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8
Q

What is the innervation and action of levator scapulae?

A

Dorsal scapular nerve, C4/5

Elevates scapula and rotates inferiorly

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9
Q

What is the innervation and action of rhomboid minor and major?

A

Dorsal scapular nerve

Retracts scapula and rotates inferiorly

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10
Q

Name the intrinsic muscles of the shoulder (*including rotator cuff).

A 
Deltoid
There's major
Supraspinatus*
Infraspinatus*
Subscapularis*
Teres minor*
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11
Q

What is the innervation and action of the deltoid?

A

Axillary nerve, C5/6
Anterior part- flexion and medial rotation of arm
Middle part- abduction (15-90 degrees)
Posterior part- extends and laterally rotates arm

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12
Q

What is the innervation and action of supraspinatus?

A 
Suprascapular nerve, C4-6
Initiates abduction (up to 15 degrees)
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13
Q

What is the innervation and action of the subscapularis?

A

Upper and lower subscapular nerves, C5-7

Medial rotation of arm

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14
Q

What is the innervation and action of infraspinatus?

A

Suprascapular nerve, C5/6

Lateral rotation of arm

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15
Q

What is the innervation and action of teres minor?

A

Axillary nerve

Lateral rotation of arm

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16
Q

What is the innervation and action of teres major?

A

Lower subscapular nerve, C5/6

Adducts and medially rotates the arm

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17
Q

Name the muscles of the anterior compartment of the arm.

A

Biceps brachii
Coracobrachialis
Brachialis

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18
Q

Name the muscles of the posterior compartment of the arm.

A

Triceps brachii

Aconeus

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19
Q

What is the innervation of the anterior compartment of the arm?

A

Musculocutaneous nerve, C5-7

Apart from part of the Brachialis which is the radial nerve

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20
Q

What is the innervation of the posterior compartment of the arm?

A

Radial nerve, C6-8

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21
Q

What are the actions of the biceps brachii?

A

Supination

Flexion

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22
Q

What are the movements of the coracobrachialis?

A

Flexion

Adduction

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23
Q

What is the movement of the Brachialis?

A

Flexion

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24
Q

What are the movements of the triceps brachii?

25
Q

What are the actions of the aconeus?

A

Extension

May abduct ulna in pronation

26
Q

Name the superficial muscles of the anterior compartment of the forearm.

A

Pronator teres
Flexor carpi radialis
Palmaris longus
Flexor carpi ulnaris

27
Q

Name the intermediate and deep muscles of the anterior compartment of the forearm.

A

Flexor digitorum superficialis
Flexor digitorum profundus
Flexor pollicis longus
Pronator quadratus

28
Q

Which nerve primarily innervates the anterior compartment, and what are the exceptions to this rule?

A

Median nerve, C6-7

FCU is the ulnar nerve, C7-8
Medial part of FDP is also ulnar nerve, C8/T1

Note- the FPL and lateral part of FDP are innervated by the anterior interosseous branch of the median nerve

29
Q

What is the action of FCR?

A

Flexes and abducts hand

30
Q

What is the action of pronator teres?

A

Pronates and flexes at the elbow

31
Q

What is the action of palmaris longus?

A

Flexes hand and tenses palmar aponeurosis

32
Q

What is the action of FCU?

A

Flexes and adducts hand

33
Q

What is the action of FDS?

A

Flexes middle phalanges at proximal IPJs

Flexes proximal phalanges at MCPJs

34
Q

What is the action of FPL?

A

Flexes phalanges of thumb

35
Q

What is the action of FDP?

A

Medial part- flexes distal phalanges 4/5 at IPJs

Lateral part- flexes distal phalanges 2/3 at IPJs

36
Q

What is the action of pronator quadratus?

A

Pronates forearm

37
Q

Name the superficial muscles of the posterior compartment of the forearm?

A 
Brachioradialis
Extensor carpi ulnaris
Extensor carpi radialis longus
Extensor carpi radialis brevis
Extensor digitorum
Extensor digiti minimi
38
Q

Name the deep muscles of the posterior compartment of the forearm?

A 
Supinator
Abductor pollicis longus
Extensor pollicis brevis
Extensor pollicis longus
Extensor incidis
39
Q

What nerve innervates the posterior compartment of the forearm?

A

Radial nerve, C7-8

40
Q

What is the action of the brachioradialis?

A

Flexion of forearm

41
Q

What is the action of the ECU

A

Extension

Adduction

42
Q

What is the action of ECRL?

A

Extend and abduct hand

43
Q

What is the action of ECRB?

A

Extend and abduct hand

44
Q

What is the action of extensor digitorum?

A

Extends medial 4 digits at MCPJs and IPJs

45
Q

What is the action of EDM?

A

Extends fifth digit at MCPJ and IPJs

46
Q

What is the action of the supinator?

A

Supination and rotation of radius

47
Q

What is the action of APL?

A

Abducts and extends thumb at CMCJ

48
Q

What is the action of EPL?

A

Extends distal phalanx of thumb

Extends MCPJ and CMCJs

49
Q

What is the action of EPB?

A

Extends proximal phalanx at MCPJ and CMCJ

50
Q

What is the action of extensor incidis?

A

Extends second digit

Extension of hand

51
Q

What are the thenar muscles of the hand?

A

Flexor pollicis brevis
Abductor pollicis brevis
Opponens pollicis

52
Q

What is the innervation of the thenar muscles?

A

Recurrent branch of median, C8/T1

Deep head of FPB is the ulnar nerve

53
Q

What are the hypothenar muscles?

A

Flexor digiti minimi brevis
Abductor digiti minimi
Opponens digiti minimi

54
Q

What nerve innervates the hypothenar muscles?

A

Ulnar nerve

55
Q

What other muscles are there in the hand?

A

Adductor pollicis
Lumbricals
Palmaris brevis
Dorsal and palmar interossei

56
Q

What is the innervation of adductor pollicis and what is its action?

A

Deep branch of ulnar

Allows Adduction of thumb

57
Q

What is the innervation of the lumbricals and what is their action?

A

1st and 2nd- median nerve, C8/T1
3rd and 4th- ulnar nerve

Flex MCPJs and extends IPJs

58
Q

What is the innervation of the interossei and what are their actions?

A

Ulnar nerve, C8/T1

DAB PAD

59
Q

Name the four muscles of the pectoral region.

A

Pectoralis major
Pectoralis minor
Subclavius
Serratus anterior

MSK (3 decks)

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