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Gross Anatomy_JM > Upper Limb Muscles > Flashcards

Upper Limb Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

Deltoid Orgin

A

Lateral third of clavicle Lateral acrmion Inferior edge of spine of scapula

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2
Q

Deltoid Attachment

A

Deltoid tuberosity of humerus

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3
Q

Deltoid Innervation

A

Axillary nerve

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4
Q

Deltoid Action

A

Clavicular part: flexes and medially rotates arm Acromial part: abducts arm beyond initial 15 degrees done by supraspinatus Spinal part: extends and laterally rotates arm

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5
Q

Deltoid Blood Supply

A

Posterior circumflex humeral artery, deltoid branch of thoraco-acromial artery

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6
Q

Infraspinatus Orgin

A

Infraspinous fossa of scapula and deep fascia

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7
Q

Infraspinatus Insertion

A

Middle facet of greater tubercle of humeru

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8
Q

Infraspinatus Innervation

A

Suprascapular nerve

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9
Q

Infraspinatus Action

A

Lateral rotation of arm (with teres minor)

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10
Q

Infraspinatus Blood Supply

A

Suprascapular artery

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11
Q

Pectoralis Major Origin

A

Sternal half of clavicle, sternum of 7th rib, cartilages of true ribs, aponeurosis of external oblique muscle

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12
Q

Pectoralis Major Insertion

A

Lateral lip of intertubercular sulcus of humerus

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13
Q

Pectoralis Major Innervation

A

Medial and lateral pectoral nerves

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14
Q

Pectoralis Major Action

A

Flexes and adducts arm, rotates arm medially

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15
Q

Pectoralis Major Blood Supply

A

Pectoral branch of thoracoacromial artery, perforating branches of internal thoraric artery

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16
Q

Pectoralis Minor Origin

A

Outer surface of upper margin of ribs 3-5

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17
Q

Pectoralis Minor Attachment

A

Coracoid process of scapula

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18
Q

Pectoralis Minor Innervation

A

Medial Pectoral nerve

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19
Q

Pectoralis Minor Action

A

Lowers lateral angle of scapula and protracts scapula

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20
Q

Pectoralis Minor Blood Supply

A

Pectoral branch of thoraco-acromial and intercostal lateral thoracic arteries

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21
Q

Serratus Anterior Origin

A

Lateral surfaces of upper 8-9 ribs

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22
Q

Serratus Anterior Insertion

A

Costal surface of medial border of scapula

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23
Q

Serratus Anterior Innervation

A

Long thoracic nerve

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24
Q

Serratus anterior Action

A

Protract and rotate scapula and hold it against thoracic wall

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25
Q

Serratus Anterior Blood Supply

A

Lateral thoracic artery

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26
Q

Subclavius Origin

A

Upper border of 1st rib and its cartilage

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27
Q

Subclavius attachment

A

Inferior surface of middle third of clavicle

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28
Q

Subclavius innervation

A

Nerve to subclavius

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29
Q

Subclavius action

A

Anchors and depresses clavicle

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30
Q

Subclavius blood supply

A

clavicular branch of thoraco-acromial artery

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31
Q

Supraspinatus origin

A

Supraspinous fossa of scapula and deep fascia

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32
Q

Supraspinatus attachment

A

Superior facet of greater tubercle of humerus

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33
Q

Supraspinatus innervation

A

Suprascapular Nerve

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34
Q

Supraspinatus action

A

initaties arm abduction, acts with rotator cuff muscles

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35
Q

Supraspinatus blood supply

A

Suprascapular artery

36
Q

Teres Major Origin

A

Posterior surface of inferior angle of scapula

37
Q

Teres Major Attachment

A

Medial lip of intertubercular sulcus of humerus

38
Q

Teres Major Innervation

A

Lower subscapular nerve

39
Q

Teres major action

A

Adducts and medially rotates arm

40
Q

Teres major blood supply

A

Circumflex scapular artery

41
Q

Teres minor origin

A

Upper 2/3 of posterior surface of lateral border of scapula

42
Q

Teres minor attachment

A

Inferior facet of greater tubercle of humerus

43
Q

Teres minor innervation

A

Axillary nerve

44
Q

Teres minor action

A

Laterally rotates arm

45
Q

Teres minor blood supply

A

Circumflex scapular artery

46
Q

subscapularis orign

A

subscapular fossa

47
Q

subscapularis attachment

A

Lesser tubercle of humerus

All SITS muscles are going to be on a tubercle!

48
Q

subscapularis innervation

A

upper and lower subscapular nerves

49
Q

subscapularis action

A

medially rotates the arm at shoulder and adducts it, helps hold humeral head in glenoid cavity.

50
Q

subscapularis blood supply

A

subscapular artery, lateral thoracic artery

51
Q

Brachialis

A

Compartment

  • Flexor (anterior) arm

Proximal Attachment

  • distal half of anterior Humerus

Distal Attachment

  • Coronoid process and Ulnar Tuberosity

Action

  • Flexion @ Elbow Joint

Innervation

  • Musculocutaneous Nerve (C5 - C7)

Blood Supply

  • Brachial Artery
52
Q

Biceps Brachii

A

Compartment

  • Flexor (anterior) arm

Proximal Attachment

  • Corocoid Process (short head) and supraglenoid tubercle of scapula (long head, through the bicipital groove)

Distal Attachment

  • Radial Tuberosity and forearm fascia via bicipital aponeurosis

Action

  • Elbow flexion and forearm supination

Innervation

  • Musculocutaneous Nerve (C5 - C7)

Blood Supply

  • Brachial Artery
53
Q

Coracobrachialis

A

Compartment

  • Flexor (anterior) arm

Proximal Attachment

  • Coracoid process of scapula

Distal Attachment

  • Middle 1/3 of medial surface of humerus

Action

  • Flexion and adduction of arm @ shoulder joint

Innervation

  • Musculocutaneous Nerve (C5 - C7)

Blood Supply

  • Brachial Artery
54
Q

Triceps Brachii

A

Compartment

  • Extensor (posterior) arm - 2 muscles

Proximal Attachment

  • Long head - infraglenoid tubercle of scapula
  • Lateral head - posterior surface of humerus, superior to radial groove
  • Medial head - posterior surface of humerus, inferior to radial groove

Distal Attachment

  • Proximal end of olecranon of ulna and fascia of forearm

Action

  • Extensor of forearmat elbow joint

Innervation

  • Radial N.

Blood Supply

  • Profunda Brachii Artery (deep brachial artery)
55
Q

Anconeus

A

Compartment

  • Extensor (posterior) arm

Proximal Attachment

  • Lateral epicondyle of humerus

Distal Attachment

  • Lateral surface of olecranon and superior part of posterior surface of ulna

Action

  • Assists tricep with forearm extension; stabilizes elbow joint

Innervation

  • Radial N.

Blood Supply

  • Interosseous Recurrent Artery (branch of posterior interosseous artery)
56
Q

Pronator Teres

A

Compartment

  • Superficial Flexor/Pronator Forearm (PFPF)

Proximal Attachment

  • Medial epicondyle of humerus

Distal Attachment

  • Lateral surface of radius

Action

  • Pronation and flexion of forearm @ elbow joint

Innervation

  • Median N.

Blood Supply

  • Ulnar Artery (and radial artery)
57
Q

Bony Attachments Flexor Forearm

A
58
Q

Flexor Carpi Radialis

A

Compartment

  • Superficial flexor/pronator forearm (PFPF)

Proximal Attachment

  • Common flexor tendon (medial epicondyle)

Distal Attachment

  • Index finger (2nd) metacarpal

Action

  • Flexion and abduction @ wrist joint

Innervation

  • Median N.

Blood Supply

  • Ulnar Artery
59
Q

Palmaris Longus

A

Compartment

  • Superficial flexor/pronator forearm (PFPF)

Proximal Attachment

  • Common flexor tendon (medial epicondyle)

Distal Attachment

  • Flexor Retinaculum/Palmar Aponeurosis

Action

  • Wrist Flexion

Innervation

  • Median Nerve

Blood Supply

  • Ulnar Artery
60
Q

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris

A

Compartment

  • Superficial flexor/pronator forearm (PFPF)

Proximal Attachment

  • Humeral Head: Common Flexor Tendon
  • Ulnar Head: Olecranon

Distal Attachment

  • Pisiform
  • Hook of Hamate
  • 5th metacarpal

Action

  • Wrist Flexion and Adduction

Innervation

  • Ulnar Nerve (1 of 1.5 exception)

Blood Supply

  • Ulnar Artery
61
Q

Flexor Digitorum Superficialis

A

Compartment

  • Intermediate flexor/pronator forearm (4 - 1 = 3)

Proximal Attachment

  • Humero-ulnar Head
    • Common flexor Tendon (medial epicondyle)
  • Radial Head
    • ​Radius (Anterior/superior radial border)

Distal Attachment

  • Shafts of middle phalanges (2 - 5 digits)

Action

  • Flexion of PIP and MCP joints
  • makes “girly fist”, you can only say “bye bye” without making a full fist

Innervation

  • Median N.

Blood Supply

  • Ulnar Artery
62
Q

Flexor Digitorum Profundus

A

Compartment

  • Deep flexor/pronator forearm (4 - 1 = 3)

Proximal Attachment

  • Proximal 3/4 of anterior-medial surfaces of ulna and interosseous membrane

Distal Attachment

  • Medial Part
    • Distal Phalanges of digit 4 - 5
  • Lateral Part
    • ​​Distal Phalanges of digit 2 - 3

Action

  • Flexion of DIP joints
  • “Just the tips” - enables you to make a complete, “manly” fist

Innervation

  • Medial part (4 - 5) = Ulnar Nerve
  • Lateral part (2 - 3) = anterior interosseous branch of median n.

Blood Supply

  • Ulnar artery
  • Anterior Inerosseous Artery
    • Branch of common interosseous a. from ulnar artery
63
Q

Flexor Pollicis Longus

A

Compartment

  • Deep flexor/pronator forearm (4 - 1 = 3)

Proximal Attachment

  • Anterior surface of Radius

Distal Attachment

  • Distal phalanx of thumb

Action

  • Flexion of thumb at IP joint (it is the distal one because thumb only has 2 joints)

Innervation

  • Anterior Interosseous Branch of Median N.

Blood Supply

  • Anterior Inerosseous Artery
    • branch of common interosseous a. from ulnar artery
64
Q

Pronator Quadratus

A

Compartment

  • Deep flexor/pronator forearm (4 - 1 = 3)

Proximal Attachment

  • Ulna (distal anterior surface)

Distal Attachment

  • Radius (distal anterior surface)

Action

  • Pronation

Innervation

  • Anterior Interosseous Nerve (branch of the Median N.)

Blood Supply

  • Anterior Interosseous Artery
    • Branch of Common Interosseous a. from Ulnar Artery
65
Q

Brachioradialis

A

Compartment

  • Superficial extensor/supinator (1 of 6)

Proximal Attachment

  • Lateral supraepicondylar ridge

Distal Attachment

  • Radius (Distal Lateral Surface)

Action

  • Elbow Flexion
    • one exception to rule of “extensors” on posterior forearm

Innervation

  • Radial Nerve

Blood Supply

  • Radial Recurrent Artery
66
Q

Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus

A

Compartment

  • Superficial extensor/supinator forearm (2 of 6)

Proximal Attachment

  • Lateral Supraepicondylar Ridge of the Humerus

Distal Attachment

  • 2nd metacarpal (dorsal aspect)

Action

  • Wrist Extension
  • Wrist Abduction

Innervation

  • Radial Nerve

Blood Supply

  • Radial Artery
67
Q

Bony Attachments - Extensor/Supinator Forearm

A
68
Q

Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis

A

Compartment

  • Superficial extensor/supinator forearm (3 of 6)

Proximal Attachment

  • Common Extensor Tendon (lateral epicondyle)

Distal Attachment

  • Middle finger (3rd) metacarpal; dorsal aspect

Action

  • Wrist Extension
  • Wrist Abduction

Innervation

  • Deep Radial Nerve

Blood Supply

  • Radial Artery
69
Q

Extensor Digitorum

A

Compartment

  • Superficial extensor/supinator (4 of 6)

Proximal Attachment

  • Common Extensor Tendon (Lateral Epicondyle)

Distal Attachment

  • Extensor expansions (dorsal hood) of digit 2 - 5

Action

  • Extension of 2 - 5 primarily at MCP
  • secondarily at IP joints

Innervation

  • Deep Radial Nerve

Blood Supply

  • Interosseous Recurrent Artery Posterior
    • branches of common interosseous a. from ulnar artery
70
Q

Extensor Digiti Minimi

A

Compartment

  • Superficial extensor/supinator forearm (5 of 6)

Proximal Attachment

  • Common Extensor Tendon (Lateral Epicondyle)

Distal Attachment

  • Extensor expansion (dorsal hood) of 5th digit (pinky)

Action

  • Extension at MCP joint
  • Weak extension at IP joint

Innervation

  • Deep Radial Nerve

Blood Supply

  • Interosseous Recurrent Artery
    • Branch of common interosseous a. from ulnar artery
71
Q

Extensor Carpi Ulnaris

A

Compartment

  • Superficial extensor/supinator forearm (6 of 6)

Proximal Attachment

  • Common Extensor Tendon (Lateral Epicondyle)
  • Posterior border of Ulna

Distal Attachment

  • Dorsal aspect of 5th digit (pinky) metacarpal

Action

  • Wrist extension and adduction

Innervation

  • Radial Nerve

Blood Supply

  • Ulnar Artery
72
Q

Supinator

A

Compartment

  • Deep extensor/supinator forearm (1 of 5)

Proximal Attachment

  • Lateral Epicondyle (Humerus)
  • Radial collateral ligament
  • Annular Ligament
  • Ulnar Crest

Distal Attachment

  • Radius - lateral, posterior, and anterior surfaces of proximal 1/3

Action

  • Supination
  • Literally the opposer of the pronator teres

Innervation

  • Deep Radial Nerve
    • Once Deep Radial N. passes through supinator, it becomes Posterior Interosseous Nerve

Blood Supply

  • Recurrent Interosseous Artery
    • Branch of Common Interosseous a from ulnar artery
73
Q

Extensor Indicis

A

Compartment

  • Deep extensor/supinator forearm (2 of 5)

Proximal Attachment

  • Ulna - Distal poserior surface
  • Interosseous Membrane

Distal Attachment

  • Extensor Expansion (dorsal hood) of index finger

Action

  • Index finger (digit 2) extension

Innervation

  • Posterior Interosseous Nerve (continuation of Deep Radial N. after the supinator)

Blood Supply

  • Posterior Interosseous Artery
    • Branch of Common Interosseous a. from Ulnar Artery
74
Q

Abductor Pollicus Longus

A

Compartment

  • Deep extensor/supinator forearm (3 of 5)
  • Lateral portion of the anatomical snuff box

Proximal Attachment

  • Radius and Ulna (proximal posterior surface)
    • slightly more proximal than EPL
  • Interosseous membrane

Distal Attachment

  • Thumb metacarpal (lateral portion)

Action

  • Abduction of thumb

Innervation

  • Posterior Interosseous Nerve
    • continuation of deep branch of radial N.

Blood Supply

  • Posterior Interosseous Artery
    • Branch of common interosseous a. from ulnar artery
75
Q

Extensor Pollicis Brevis

A

Compartment

  • Deep extensor/supinator forearm (4 of 5)
  • Anatomical snuff box
    • “It’s a Brevis Sandwich”

Proximal Attachment

  • Ulna - distal posterior surface
    • slightly more distal than EPB
    • Remember, its a brevis sandwich for the proximal attachments as well
  • Interosseous Membrane

Distal Attachment

  • Thumb - proximal phalange (dorsal aspect)

Action

  • Thumb extension at MCP joint

Innervation

  • Posterior Interosseous Nerve
    • continuation of deep radial nerve distal to supinator muscle

Blood Supply

  • Posterior interosseous artery
    • branch of common interosseous a. from ulnar artery
76
Q

Extensor Pollicis Longus

A

Compartment

  • Deep extensor/supinator forearm (5 of 5)
  • medial aspect of anatomical snuff box
    • “top” of brevis sandwich

Proximal Attachment

  • Ulna - middle posterior surface
    • slightly more distal than the APL
  • Interosseous membrane

Distal Attachment

  • Thumb - distal phalange (dorsal aspect)

Action

  • Extension of IP joint of thumb
  • Extension of MP and CM joints of thumb

Innervation

  • Posterior Interosseous Nerve
    • continuation of deep radial nerve distal to supinator

Blood Supply

  • Posterior Interosseous Artery
    • Branch of common interosseous a. from ulnar artery
77
Q

Palmaris Brevis

A

Proximal Attachment

  • Medial Border of Palmar Aponeurosis

Distal Attachment

  • Skin on medial border of hand

Action

  • Deepens hollow of the palm, adding to palmar grip
  • Protects ulnar nerve and artery

Innervation

  • Superifical branch of Ulnar N
78
Q

Abductor Pollicis Brevis

A

Compartment

  • Thenar (OAF)

Proximal Attachment

  • Flexor Retinaculum
  • Tubercles of Scaphoid and Trapezium

Distal Attachment

  • Lateral aspect of base of proximal phalanx of the thumb

Action

  • Abduct thumb and assist in opposition

Innervation

  • Recurrent Branch of Median N.
79
Q

Flexor Pollicis Brevis

A

Compartment

  • Thenar (OAF)

Proximal Attachment

  • Flexor Retinaculum
  • Tubercles of Scaphoid and Trapezium

Distal Attachment

  • Lateral edge of prox phalanx of thumb

Action

  • Flex thumb and assist in opposition

Innervation

  • Recurrent branch of median nerve
80
Q

Opponens Policis

A

Compartment

  • Thenar (OAF)
  • OP is deep to APB

Proximal Attachment

  • Flexor Retinaculum
  • Scaphoid and Trapezium tubercles

Distal Attachment

  • lateral aspect of thumb

Action

  • Thumb Opposition at CMC

Innervation

  • Recurrent branch of Median N
81
Q

Adductor Pollicis

A

Compartment

  • Adductor Compartment
  • Two heads are separated by radial n. as it enters palm

Proximal Attachment

  • capitate, base of 2nd and 3rd MCP, shaft of 3rd MCP

Distal Attachment

  • Medial Side of base of proximal phalanx of the thumb

Action

  • Adduct Thumb

Innervation

  • Deep branch of Ulnar N.

Blood Supply

*

82
Q

Abductor Digiti Minimi

A

Compartment

  • Hypothenar Compartment (OAF Pinky)
  • Deep to Palmaris Brevis

Proximal Attachment

  • Pisiform and medial side of base of proximal phalange of 5th digit

Distal Attachment

  • Medial aspect of base of proximal phalange of 5th digit

Action

  • Abduct 5th digit at MCP joint

Innervation

  • Deep branch of the ulnar nerve
83
Q

Flexor Digiti Minimi

A

Compartment

  • Hypothenar (OAF Pinky)
  • Deep to Palmaris Brevis

Proximal Attachment

  • Hamate

Distal Attachment

  • Medial aspect of 5th digit proximal phalange

Action

  • Flex 5th digit at MCP joint

Innervation

  • Deep Branch of Ulnar
84
Q

Opponens Digiti Minimi

A

Compartment

  • Hypothenar (OAF pinky)
  • Deep to palmaris brevis

Proximal Attachment

  • Hamate

Distal Attachment

  • Medial border of 5th metacarpal

Action

  • Oppose 5th digit at carpometacarpal joint

Innervation

  • deep branch of ulnar n. (OAF pinky)
85
Q

Lumbricals

A

Compartment

  • Central compartment

Proximal Attachment

  • Flexor Digitorum Profundus Tendon

Distal Attachment

  • lateral aspect of extensor expansions digit 2 - 5
    • think, when your fingers flex, they move toward the midline

Action

  • Flexion at MCP joint
  • Extension at DIP and PIP

Innervation

  • 1st and 2nd Lumbricals - MEDIAN N. PROPER
  • 3rd and 4th lumbricals - Deep branch of Ulnar
86
Q

Palmar Interossei

A

Compartment

  • Interosseous Compartment
  • Between metacarpals

Proximal Attachment

  • palmar aspect of the 2nd, 4th, and 5th metacarpals

Distal Attachment

  • base of proximal phalanges and extensor expansions of 2nd, 4th, and 5th digits

Action

  • PAD = palmar ADDucts digits to axial line
  • Extension at IP joints

Innervation

  • deep branch of ulnar
87
Q

Dorsal Interossei

A

Compartment

  • Interosseous
  • Between metacarpals

Proximal Attachment

  • adjacent sides of neighboring metacarpals
    • looks like 2 heads

Distal Attachment

  • proximal phalange

Action

  • DAB = ABducts digits away from axial line
  • Extension at IP joints

Innervation

  • Deep branch of the ulnar n.

Gross Anatomy_JM (10 decks)

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