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Musculoskeletal > Upper Limb Conditions > Flashcards

Upper Limb Conditions Flashcards

1
Q

Shoulder problem

Younger

A

Instability

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2
Q

Shoulder problem

Middle aged

A

Rotator cuff tear

Frozen shoulder

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3
Q

Shoulder problem

Older

A

Osteoarthritis

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4
Q

Pathogenesis of impingement syndrome

A

Supraspinatus tendons compressed

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5
Q

Causes of impingement syndrome (4)

A

Tendonitis
Subacromial bursitis
Rotator cuff tear
Osteoarthritis

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6
Q

Presentation of impingement syndrome

A

Painful arc (60-120 degrees abduction)

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7
Q

Clinical test for impingement syndrome

A

Hawkins-Kennedy

= recreates the pain

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8
Q

Management of impingement (4)

A

NSAIDS/other analgesia
Physiotherapy
SA injection of steroid

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9
Q

Presentation of rotator cuff tears

A

Weakness on initiation of abduction
Internal rotation
Associated with pain

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10
Q

Pathogenesis of rotator cuff tears

A

Usually involves supraspinatus

Larger tears can include subscapularis and infraspinatus

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11
Q

Investigation of rotator cuff tears

A

USS

MRI useful

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12
Q

Management of rotator cuff tears

A

Physiotherapy
Analgesia
May need surgical decompression

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13
Q

Presentation of adhesive capsulitis

A

Progressive pain
Usually painful initially (2-9 months) then stiffness sets in (4-12 months)
Loss of external rotation

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14
Q

Associations with adhesive capsulitis (3)

A

Diabetes
Previous Hx of Injury
Dupuytren’s

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15
Q

Management of adhesive capsulitis

A

Physiotherapy
Analgesia
MUA may be helpful

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16
Q

Acute calcific tendonitis =

A

Calcium deposition, usually in supraspinatus tendon

17
Q

Presentation of acute calcific tendonitis

A

Acute and severe shoulder pain

18
Q

Management of acute calcific tendonitis

A

Subacromial steroid injection

19
Q

Pathogenesis of traumatic shoulder instability

A

Traumatic dislocation weakens the joint, results in recurrent subluxations

20
Q

Pathogenesis of atraumatic shoulder instability

A

Generalised ligamentous laxity, results in multi-directional subluxations

Musculoskeletal (7 decks)

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