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MSK Anatomy > Upper Limb > Flashcards

Upper Limb Flashcards

1
Q

what is the axilla

A

pyramidal space under the shoulder which provides a passageway for nerves and vessels.

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2
Q

what forms the anterior wall of the axilla

A

pectorals major and pectorals minor

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3
Q

what forms the posterior wall of the axilla

A

subscapularis muscle

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4
Q

what forms the medial wall of the axilla

A

thoracic wall and serrarus anterior

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5
Q

what forms the lateral wall of the axilla

A

intertuberculous sulcus of the humerus

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6
Q

what is the axillary artery a continuation of

A

subclavian artery

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7
Q

when does the axilla artery start

A

lateral border of the first rib

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8
Q

what comes after the axillary artery

A

brachial artery, at lower border of trees major

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9
Q

what are the spinal nerves of the brachial plexus

A

c5, c6, c7, c8, t1

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10
Q

pneumonic for brachial plexus

A

read that damn cadaver book

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11
Q

what is erbs point

A

auscultation location for heart sounds -3rd intercostal space left lower sternal edge

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12
Q

what’s erbs palsy

A

waiters tip

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13
Q

where does brachial plexus pass between

A

anterior and medial scalenes

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14
Q

list the arterial supply to the upper limb

A

subclavian, axillary brachial, radial and ulnar

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15
Q

what are the roots of musculocutaenous nerve

A

c5, c6, c7

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16
Q

what are the roots of the axillary nerve

A

c5,c6

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17
Q

what are the roots of the median nerve

A

c6-t1

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18
Q

what are the roots for the radial nerve

A

c5-t1

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19
Q

what are the roots for the ulnar nerve

A

c8-t1

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20
Q

describe venous drainage of upper limb

A

cephalic vein, medi cubital vein, basilic vein medially then into the dorsal venous network

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21
Q

lymphatic drainage of the upper limb

A

axillary lymph node

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22
Q

splitting of axillary lymph node

A 
pectoral group
sub scapular group
apical group
central group
lateral group
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23
Q

where does medial part of breast drain to

A

internal throacic

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24
Q

where does lateral part of the breast drain to

A

axillary

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25
what is the pectoral girdle
set of bones which connect the upper limb to the axial skeleton
26
the upper limb and pectoral girdle attach at what point
glenohumeral ball and socket
27
weakest point of clavicle
between middle 2/3 and lateral 1/3 as its the thinnest point
28
anterior surface of scapula
faces the rib change
29
lateral surface of scapula
supraglenoid tubercle infraglenoid tubercle glenoid fossa
30
spine of the scapula
separates the infraspinous and supraspinous fossa
31
describe the acromion
projection of the spine which goes over the glenoid fossa and articulates with the clavicle at the acromioclavicular joint
32
glenohumeral joint
between the glenoid fossa and the humerus
33
muscles of the scapula
``` trapezius levator scapulae rhomboid minor rhomboid major supraspinatus infraspintus teres minor there major serrates anterior latissmis dorsal ```
34
what kind of joint If the glenohumeral joint
ball and socket
35
what is the function of the glenoid labrum
the deepen the socket to provide stability
36
describe parts of the humerus
humeral head anatomical neck surgical nek greater tuberosity
37
what type of joint is the acromiocalvical joint
synovial plane
38
acromioclavicular ligament
runs form lateral end of clavicle directly to the acromion
39
coracoacromial ligament
forms from the lateral end of the coracoid process to the acromion
40
coracohumeral ligament
from the top of the humerus to the coracoid process
41
glenohumeral ligament
strengths the anterior aspect of the capsule
42
transverse humeral ligament
between 2 tuberosities of the humerus
43
what are bursae
fluid filled cushions around joints
44
what is the role of subacromial bursae
communicates with subdeltoid bursae
45
what is the role of sub scapular bursae
communicates directly with the joint
46
rotator cuff muscles
subscapularis underneath supraspinous infraspinous teres minor
47
what is the movement of the rotator cuff muscles
rotation and abduction while stabilising the shoulder
48
what do the anterior fibres of the deltoid do
flex and medially rotate
49
what do the middle deltoid fibres do
abduct
50
what do the posterior deltoid fibres do
extend and laterally rotate
51
innveration of deltoid
C5 and c6, axillary nerve
52
name parts of the humerus
``` radial groove deltoid tuberosity greater and lesser tubercle intertubercle sulcus lateral epicondyle medial epicondyle shaft epiphyseal plate coranoid fossa at the front olecranon fossa at the back ```
53
what is the anterior compartment
flexors
54
what is the posterior compartment
extenosr
55
describe the biceps bracii
most anterior muscle | arises from the scapula
56
what are the two heads called
long and short
57
where does the short head arise from
coracoid process
58
where does the long head arise from
the supraglenoid tubercle, loops over
59
where does it insert distally
radial tuberosity
60
what is the action of the shoulder and elbow joint
flexion
61
what is the nerve supply of bicep
c5-7 musculocutaenous
62
describe the coarcobrachilais muscle
arises from coracoid process and insets into medial margin of humerus
63
what is the action of coracobrachialis
flexion and adduction of shoulder
64
what is the innervation
musculocutaenous nerve
65
upper arm muscles BBC
biceps, brachialis and coracobrachialis
66
describe the brachilais muscles
arises from distal half of the shaft of humerus | it inserts into the ulna
67
what is the action of brachialis on the elbow
flexion of elbow
68
what is the innervation of brachialis
musco, and radial
69
where does the musculocutaenous nerve innervate
arises from lateral chord | main nerve of anterior compartment
70
what does it continue as
lateral continuous nerve of the forearm-sensation
71
what is the main branch from the brachial arerty
profunda brachii
72
where does the median nerve arise from
lateral chord and medial chord
73
does it go through the cubital fossa
yes
74
where does the ulnar nerve arise from
medial chord
75
what is its course
descends along the medial side of the brachial artery, passes along the medial epidconydle, innervates most of the muscles of the anterior forearm
76
what is the cubital fossa
a triangular depression or hollow in front of the elbow
77
what artery passes through the cubital fossa
brachial artery, also contains radial nerve
78
what forms the lateral border of the fossa
medial border of the brachioradialis muscle
79
what forms the medial border of the fossa
lateral border or pronator teres
80
describe the nerves of the arm
front of upper arm, flexors-musculo anterior forarem-ulnar posterior upper, extensors arm-radial
81
describe the triceps
long head from scapula infraglenoid fossa medial and lateral head form humerus inserts into the olecranon process of ulna
82
innveration of triceps
radial nerve c7-8
83
describe the radial nerve
terminal branch of posterior chord
84
what type f joint if the elbow joint
synovial hinge
85
ligaments of the elbow joint
radial collateral on lateral side ulnar collateral on the medial side annul ligament right across
86
what type of joints ar eradi-ulnar joints
synovial pivot superior and inferior joint annular ligament holds the head fo the radius
87
what muscles are involved in supination
supinator and bicep
88
what muscles are involved in pronation
pronator teres | pronator quadratus
89
what are the muscles of the superficial group of anterior arm
pronator teres-median nerve flexor carpi radialis-median nerve palmaris longus-median nerve flexor carpi ulnaris -ulnar nerve
90
what adducts the wrist
flexor carpi ulnaris
91
what abducts the wrist
flexor carpi radialis
92
what compartment is the brachioradialis in
extensor compartment, innervated by radial nerve, flexes the elbow
93
what muscles are in the intermediate group
flexor digitorum superficialis- has 2 heads, one from medial epicondyle and one from radius, goes to middle phalanxes of the 4 fingers
94
what muscles are in the deep group
flexor digitorum profundus flexor pollicis longus pronator Quadratus
95
flexor digitorum profundus move all fingers?n
no it doesn't move the thumb, flexes distal phalanges
96
what is the innervation of FDP
medial half id the ulnar nerve- little and ring finger | lateral half is the median nerve- index and middle
97
what Is the long flexor of the thumb
flexor pollicis longus, median nerve
98
what is the innveration of pronator quadratus
median nerve
99
what relationship does the median nerve have to the brachial artery
medial
100
what nerve doesn't the median nerve supply
flexor carpi ulnaris- ulnar nerve | flexor digitorum profundus-ulnar nerve
101
what is the ulnar nerve to the ulnar artery
medial
102
what is the carpal tunnel
passageway deep to the flexor retinaculum between he scaphoid and the trapezium on the lateral side.
103
what goes through the carpel tunnel
median nerve 4 tendons of flexor digitroum profundas 4 tendons of flexor digitorum superficially 1 tendon of flexor pollicis longus
104
what is carpel tunnel syndrome
any lesion that significantly reduces the side to eh carpel tunnel. if the nerve is affected it leads to tingling, diminished sensation and absence of sensation
105
what is palmar aponeurosis a continuation of
palmaris longus
106
what are the thenar muscles
lateral part of the palm and responsibly for apposition of the thumb
107
what are the names of the thenar muscles
abductor pollicis brevis flexor pollicis brevis opponens pollici- the deepest
108
what is the innervation of the thenar muscles
median nerve
109
what are the hypothenar muscles
on the medial side of the palm
110
what are the names of the hypothenar muscles
abductor digiti minimi flexor digiti minimi opponens digiti minimi
111
what's the innervation of the hypothenar muscles
deep branch of ulnar nerves
112
where do lumbricals come from
flexor digitorum profundas
113
what is the action of lumbricals
they flex the fingers at metacarpophalangeal joint and extend interphalangeal joint
114
what are the lumbricals innervation
ulnar nerve on medial 2 | median nerve lateral 2
115
how many dorsal interossi are there
4
116
how many palmar interossi are there
3
117
DAB
dorsal abduct the fingers
118
PAD
palmar adduct the fingers
119
what is the interossei innervation
ulnar nerve
120
what is the blood supply to the hand
ulnar and radial artery
121
what is the main contributor of superficial arch
ulnar
122
what is the main contributor of deep arch
radial
123
what is the nerve supply of the hand
medial and ulnar nerve | radial does not supply any muscles but the skin of the dorsal aspect of the hand
124
what are the joints of the hand
metacarpophalangeal joint | proximal and distal interphalangeal joint
125
what type of joint is the wrist joint
synovial condyloid
126
what bones form the proximal part of the joint
distal part of the ulnar, radius and articular disk
127
what bones form the distal part of the joint
first row of carpal bones-lunate, trapezium, scaphoid
128
muscles in the adduction of the forearm
flexor carpi ulnaris and flexor
129
muscles in the abduction of the forearm
flexor carpi radialis, abdcutor pollicis longus
130
muscles that abduct or adduct at the wrist joint
extensor capri radialis brevis extensor carpi ulanris brevis extensor carpi radialis longus
131
muscles that extend the medial four digits
extensor digitorum extensor indicis extensor digit minimi
132
what is the extensor digitorum
extensor of the fingers and wrist. arises from lateral epicondyle and passes under the extensor retinaculum, doesn't go to the thumb
133
what are the muscles that extend and abduct the thumb
abducotr pollicis longus extensor politic brevis extensor pollicis brevis
134
where does the supinator come from
envelops the proximal part of the shaft of the radius
135
what is the dorsal venous arch
main superficial veins of the upper limb originate in the subcutaneous tissue not he dorsal of the hand
136
what is a synovial cyst
non tender cystic growth that appears most commonly on the dosrum of the hand
137
what are the borders of the anatomical snuffbox
medial-extensor pollicis longus floor- scaphoid and trapezium lateral- extensor pollicis brevis and abductor pollicis longus
138
what is the artery that lies on the floor of the snuffbox
radial artery
139
what nerve innervates the muscles of the thumb
branch of radial
140
what is the action of extensor pollicis longus
extensio and adducts
141
what is the action of the extensor pollicis brevis
extends and abducts
142
muscles involved in extensor expansion
extensor digitorum lumbrical plantar and dorsal interossi
143
what is the hand innervated vy
ulnar nerve

MSK Anatomy (2 decks)

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