Upper Limb Flashcards
Humerus
- longest bone of the upper limb
- articulates with scapula at the shoulder and with radius & ulna
Ulna
- longer than the radius
- major forearm bone
Radius
- head of radius articulates with the capitulum of the humerus at the elbow joint
- major forearm bone contributing to wrist movement
Name the space between the radius and the ulna
Interosseous membrane
Which bony feature is the funnybone
Humerus - medial epicondyle
Bones of the hands
- carpals
- metacarpals
- phalanages
Movement of the shoulder
- elevation
- depression
- protraction
- retraction
- rotation
Movement of the elbow joint
- flexion
- extension
Movement of the radioulnar joint
- supination
- pronation
Movement of the wrist joint (radiocarpal)
- flexion and extension
- abduction and adduction
Movement of the metacarpophalangel joints
- flexion and extension
- abduction and adduction
Movement of the carpometacarpal joint of the thumb (saddle joint)
- flexion and extension
- abduction, adduction
- circumduction
- opposition/ reposition
Movement of the inter phalange joints (hinge joint)
- flexion
- extension
Trapezius - origin
- occipital bone
- cervical and thoracic vertebrae
Trapezius - insertion (3)
- clavicle
- acromion
- spine of scapula
Actions of the trapezius
- elevation and depression of shoulder
- retraction of the shoulder
- rotation of the shoulder
- extension of the neck
Latissimus Dorsi - origin (3)
- iliac crest of hipbone
- lower thoracic vertebrae
- all lumbar vertebrae
Latissimus Dorsi - insertion
Humerus
Latissimus Dorsi - action
- adduction and extension of the humerus at the shoulder joint
Pectoralis Major - origin (3)
- clavicle
- sternum
- upper ribs (2-6)
Pectoralis Major - Insertion
- greater tubercle of the humerus
Pectoralis Major - Action
- adduction
- flexion
- medial rotation or the humerus at the shoulder joint
Serratus Anterior - origin
- ribs (1-8/9)
Serratus Anterior - insertion
Entire Anterior surface of the medial border of the scapula
Serratus Anterior - actions
- protraction (drawing shoulder joint forward)
- rotates shoulder upwards
Deltoid - origin (3)
- clavicle
- acromion
- spine of scapula
Deltoid - insertion
Deltoid tuberosity of the humerus
Deltoid - action
Abduction of the humerus at the shoulder joint
List the 4 rotator cuff muscles
- supraspinatus
- subscapularis
- teres minor
- infraspinatus
- stabilise the shoulder joint
Rotator cuff muscles - action
- rotation
- abduction of the humerus at the shoulder joint
What are the major muscles that make up the Anterior and the posterior walls of the axilla
- latissimus Dorsi
- pectoralis Major
Biceps brachii - origin (long head and short head)
Long head - scapula, above the Glenoid cavity
Short Head - coracoid process
Biceps Brachii - Insertion
radial tuberosity
Biceps brachii - action
strong flexor of the forearm
Triceps Brachii - Origin (long head and lateral/medial heads)
long head - scapula, below glenoid cavity
lateral and medial heads - posterior surface of the humerus
Tricpes Brachii - Insertion
olecranon process of the ulna
Triceps Brachii - Action
extension of the forearm at the elbow joint
Flexor digitorium superficialis - Action
flexion of the fingers
Flexor digitorium superficialis - Origin (3)
- medial epicondyle of the humerus
- ulna
- radius
Flexor digitorium superficialis - Insertion
anterior surfaces of phalanges
Flexor pollicis longus - Action
flexion of the thumb
located along the anterior compartment of the forearm
Flexor Pollicis longus - origin
radius (anterior shaft)
Flexor Pollicis Longus - Insertion
distal phalanx of the thumb
Extensor digitorum - origin
lateral epicondyle of the humerus
Extensor digitorum - insertion
posterior surfaces of the phalanges
extensor digitorum - action
extends the fingers
Extensor Pollicis Longus - action
extends the thumb
located along posterior compartment of the forearm
Extensor Pollicis Longus - origin
ulna (posterior surface)
Extensor Pollicis Longus - Insertion
distal phalanx of the thumb
list the action of the :
- Supra Spinatus
- Infra Spinatus
- Sub Scapulartus
- teresminor
rotation abduct