upper limb Flashcards
Deltoid
Origin:
Lateral 1/3 anterior clavicle, lateral acromion, inferior edge of spine of scapula
Insertion:
Deltoid tuberosity of humerus
Action:
**Clavicular: flexes/medially rotates arm
Acromial: aBducts arm beyond initial 15° by supraspinatus
Spinal: extends/laterally rotates arm**
Innervation:
Axillary
Blood supply:
Posterior circumflex humeral artery, deltoid branch of thoraco-acromial artery
Shoulder
Infraspinatus
Insertion:
Infraspinous fossa of scapula/deep fascia
Origin:
Greater tubercle of humerus (middle facet)
Action:
Lateral rotation of arm (with teres minor)
Innervation:
Suprascapular Nerve
Blood supply:
Suprascapular Artery
Shoulder
Serratus Anterior
Origin:
Lateral surfaces of upper 8-9 ribs
Insertion:
Costal surface of medial border of scapula
Action:
Protracts/retracts scapula & holds against thoracic wall
Innervation
Long Thoracic
Blood supply:
Lateral Thoracic
Shoulder
Subscapularis
Insertion
Subscapular fossa
Origin:
Lesser tubercle of humerus
Action:
Medial rotation of arm at shoulder, aDduction, holds humeral head in glenoid cavity
Innervation
Upper/lower subscapular
Blood supply:
Subscapular, lateral thoracic
Shoulder
Supraspinatus
Origin: Supraspinous fossa/deep fascia
Insertion: Superior facet of greater tubercle of humerus
Action: Initiates arm aBduction (initial 15°), acts with rotator cuff muscles
Innervation: Suprascapular
Blood Supply: Suprascapular
Shoulder
Teres Major
O: Posterior surface of inferior angle of scapula
I: Medial lip of intertubercular sulcus of humerus
A: ADucts & medial rotation
IN: Lower subscapular
BS: Circumflex scapular
Shoulder
Teres Minor
O: Upper 2/3 of posterior surface of lateral border of scapula
I: Inferior facet of greater tubercle of humerus
A: Lateral rotation
IN: Axillary
BS: Circumflex scapular
Shoulder
Subclavis
O: Upper border of 1strib & its cartilage
I: Inferior surface of middle third of clavicle
A: Anchors & depresses clavicle
IN: Nerve to subclavius
BS: Clavicular branch of thoraco-acromial artery
Shoulder
Pectoralis Major
O: Sternal half of clavicle, sternum to 7thrib, cartilages of true rib
I: Lateral lip of intertubercular sulcus humerus
A: Flexes/aDducts arm, medial rotation
IN: Medial/lateral pectoral
BS: Pectoral branch of thoraco-acromial, perforating branches of internal thoracic
Pectoral region/axilla
Pectoralis Minor
O: Outer surface of upper margin of ribs 3-5
I: Coracoid process of scapula
A: Lowers lateral angle of scapula & protracts scapula
IN: Medial Pectoral
BS: Pectoral branch of thoraco-acromial & intercostal lateral thoracic
Pectoral region/axilla
Aconeus
O: Posterior surface of lateral epicondyle of humerus
I: Lateral surface of olecranon & posterior proximal ulna
A: Assist triceps in extending elbow, aBducts ulna in pronation
IN: Radial nerve (C5-T1)
BS: Deep brachial
Arm
Biceps Brachii
O: Long head: supraglenoid tubercle of scapula
Short head: tip of coracoid process of scapula
I: Radial tuberosity
A: Flexes & supinates forearm @ elbow
IN: Musculocutaneous (C5, C6)
BS: Muscular branches of brachial
Arm
Brachialis
O: Distal half of anterior surface of humerus
I: Coronoid process of tuberosity of ulna
A: Flexes forearm @ elbow
IN: Musculocutaneous nerve and radial nerve (C7)
BS: Radial recurrent, muscular branches of brachial artery
Arm
Coracobrachialis
O: Tip of coracoid process of scapula
I: Middle 1/3 medial surface of humerus
A: Flexes and aDducts at shoulder
IN: Musculocutaneous
BS: Muscular branches of brachial
Arm
Triceps Brachii
O: Long head: infraglenoid tubercle of scapula
Lateral head: upper half of posterior humerus
Medial head: distal 2/3 of medial & posterior humerus
I: Posterior surface of olecranon process of ulna
A: Extends forearm at elbow;
Long head: stabilizes head of aBducted humerus & extends & aDducts arm at shoulder
IN: Radial
BS: Branch of profundal brachii
Arm
Levator Scapulae
O: Posterior tubercles of transvers processes of C1-C4
I: Medial border of scapula (superior angle to spine)
A: Elevate scapula medially, inferiorly, rotates glenoid cavity
IN: Ventral rami of C3-C4 and dorsal scapular nerve
BS: Dorsal scapular, transverse cervical, ascending cervical
Superficial Back
Rhomboid Major
O: Spinous process T2-T5
I: Medial border scapula, BELOW base of spine
A: Fixes scapula to thoracic wall, retract/rotate scapula to depress glenoid cavity
IN: Dorsal scapular
BS: Dorsal scapular
-OR-
Deep branch of TCA, dorsal perforating branches of upper 5-6 posterior intercostal
Superficial back
Rhomboid Minor
O: Ligamentum nuchae spines of C7 & T1 vertebrae
I: Medial border of scapula AT the scapular spine
A: Fixes scapula to thoracic wall, retract/rotate scapula to depress glenoid cavity
IN: Dorsal scapular
BS: Dorsal scapular
-OR-
Deep branch of TCA, dorsal perforating branches of upper 5-6 posterior intercostal
Superficial back
Trapezius
O: Superior nuchal line, external occipital protuberance, nuchal ligament, spinous processes of C7-T12
I: Lateral 1/3 clavicle, acromion, & scapular spine
A: Elevates, retracts, & rotates scapula; lower fibers depress scapula
IN: Accessory nerve (CN XI)
BS: Transverse cervical, dorsal perforating branches of posterior intercostal
Superficial back
Abductor pollicis longus
O: Posterior surface of ulna, radius, and interosseous membrane
I: Base of 1stmetacarpal
A: Abducts & extends thumb at carpometacarpal joint
IN: Radial nerve (posterior interosseous)
BS: Posterior Interosseous artery
Posterior Forearm
