Upper Limb Flashcards
Muscles in Anterior Upper Arm
Biceps brachii, Coracobrachialis, Brachialis
Anterior upper arm actions
flexion of elbow and shoulder
Innervation of anterior upper arm
Musculocutaneous (C5, C6, C7)
Blood supply of anterior upper arm
Brachial artery with a little axillary artery
Muscles of Posterior upper arm
Triceps (3 heads)
Major actions of posterior upper arm
elbow and shoulder extension
Innervation of triceps
Radial nerve
Blood supply of triceps
Profunda brachii (deep brachial artery) and a little from axillary
Damage to radial nerve symptoms
Wrist drop, loss of sensation on dorsal hand, weakness in shoulder extension, weakness in thumb opposition
Major actions of the anterior forearm muscles
flexion of wrist and fingers and pronation
Innervation of anterior forearm
All median nerve except flexor carpi ulnaris and medial part of flexor digitorum profundus (supplied by ulnar nerve)
Blood supple to anterior forearm
proximal = brachial, ulnar or ulnar recurrent arteries
Distal = radial or ulnar arteries
Damage to median nerve
weakness in flexion of wrist and fingers, loss of sensation on palm + tips of first 2 fingers, weakness of index finger when you push against it
Major actions of posterior forearm
extension of wrist and fingers
Innervation of posterior compartment
Radial nerve
Blood supply of posterior forearm
posterior interosseous artery
Innervation of the hand areas
Ulnar = little finger and half of ring finger
Radial = Dorsal surface and thumb
Median = Palm, half of ring finger and top bits of first and middle finger
Hand bones - Name them!
Scaphoid, Lunate, Triquetrum, Pisiform, Trapezium, Trapezoid, Capitate, Hamate
Some lovers try positions that they cant handle
Function, Innervation and blood supply of traps
elevates and retracts scapula and pulls scapula inferiorly
Accessory nerve (CNXl)
Occipital, superficial and dorsal scapular artery
Function, Innervation and blood supply of lats
extends, adducts and medially rotates upper limb
thoracodorsal nerve
thoracodorsal artery
Deep muscles of extrinsic shoulder
Levator scapulae, Rhomboid major and minor
Major actions of deep muscles of extrinsic shoulder
levator scapulae = elevation of scapula and inferior rotation of glenoid fossa
rhomboids = retraction of scapula and inferior rotation of glenoid fossa
innervation of deep muscles of the extrinsic muscles of the shoulder
Dorsal scapular nerve
Blood supply of the deep muscles of the extrinsic shoulder
Dorsal scapular artery
Function, Innervation and blood supply of the deltoid
Flexion/extension and medial/lateral rotation of the shoulder
innervated by the axillary nerve (C5-6)
Blood supply is the Thoracoacromial, subscapular, anterior and posterior circumflex humeral, brachial arteries
Function, Innervation and blood supply of Teres major
adduction and extension of the shoulder and medially rotates arm
innervated by the lower scapular nerve
blood supply is subscapular and posterior circumflex humeral arteries
Rotator cuff muscles
supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor and subscapularis
major function of RTC muscles
pull humeral head into glenoid and stable head of humerus
Innervation of RTC muscles
Supra + infraspinatus = suprascapular nerve
Teres minor = axillary nerve
subscapularis = upper and lower subscapular nerve
Blood supply of RTC muscles
Suprascapular, Subscapular and posterior circumflex humeral arteries
Damage to axillary nerve
Often due to shoulder dislocations
Shoulder weakness and pain and instability
Impingement syndrome
pain and weakness and restricted shoulder movement
Supraspinatus tendon usually affected
