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MSK anatomy and Peads > Lower Limb > Flashcards

Lower Limb Flashcards

1
Q

muscles in superficial gluteal region

A

Gluteus maximus, medius and minimus

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2
Q

Main function of gluteus max, medius and min

A

Max = powerful extensor of hip
Medius and min = abduct and medial rotate thigh at hip joint

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3
Q

Innervation of glut max, medius and min

A

Max = Inferior gluteal nerve (L5-S2)
Medius and min = Superior gluteal nerve (L4 - S1)

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4
Q

Blood supply to glut max, medius and min

A

superior and inferior gluteal arteries

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5
Q

Function, Innervation and blood supply of tensor fascia lata

A

flexion, medial rotation and abduction of hip, stabilisation of knee via iliotibial band
innervated by superior gluteal nerve (L4-S1)
blood supply is superior gluteal artery

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6
Q

deep muscle layer of gluteal region muscles

A

piriformis, superior and inferior gemelli, obturator internus, obturator femoris

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7
Q

deep muscle layer of gluteal region muscles

A

piriformis, superior and inferior gemelli, obturator internus, obturator femoris

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8
Q

deep muscle layer of gluteal region muscles

A

piriformis, superior and inferior gemelli, obturator internus, obturator femoris

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9
Q

main function of deep muscles of gluteal region

A

laterally rotate thigh and abducts flexed thigh

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10
Q

innervation of deep muscles of gluteal region

A

piriformis = anterior ramus of S1,S2
Superior and inferior gameli, obturator femoris = nerve to quadratus femoris
obturator internus = nerve to obturator internus (L5,S1,S2)

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11
Q

Blood supply to deep muscle layer of gluteal region

A

superior and inferior gluteal arteries

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12
Q

damage to superior gluteal nerve

A

Positive Trendelenburg sign, gluteal muscle weakness

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13
Q

muscles in anterior compartment of thigh

A

iliopsoas (psoas major, iliacus), Sartorius, quadriceps femoris, pectineus

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14
Q

main actions of the anterior compartment of the thigh and what muscles do what

A

flex thigh = pectineus, iliopsoas, sartorius
extend leg = quadriceps femoris

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15
Q

innervation of anterior compartment of the thigh

A

Femoral nerve (L2,L3,L4) except psoas major which is L1,L2,L3

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16
Q

Blood supply to anterior compartment of the leg

A

femoral artery

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17
Q

damage to femoral nerve

A

wont get knee jerk, no contraction of the quadriceps femoris

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18
Q

muscles in medial compartment of the thigh (the hip adductors)

A

adductor magnus/longus/brevis, obturator externus, Gracialis

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19
Q

function of the hip adductor muscle

A

adduct the hip and lateral rotation

20
Q

innervation of medial compartment of thigh (hip adductors)

A

All obturator nerve (L2-L4) except hamstring part of adductor magnus which is tibial nerve (L4-S3)

21
Q

Blood supply to medial compartment of the thigh (hip adductors)

A

femoral and obturator arteries

22
Q

muscles of posterior compartment of thigh (extensors of thigh and flexors of leg)

A

semitendinosus, semimembranosus, biceps femoris

23
Q

function of posterior compartment of the thigh

A

extend thigh and flex leg

24
Q

Innervation of posterior compartment of thigh

A

tibial division of sciatic nerve (L5,S1,S2) except short head of biceps femoris which is common fibular division of sciatic nerve

25
Q

blood supply to posterior compartment of thigh

A

inferior gluteal and profunda femoris arteries

26
Q

muscles in superficial group of posterior leg

A

Gastrocnemius, soleus, plantaris

27
Q

main function of superficial group of posterior leg

A

plantarflexors of ankle

28
Q

innervation of superficial group of posterior leg

A

tibial nerve (S1,S2)

29
Q

blood supply to superficial group of posterior leg

A

posterior tibial artery

30
Q

muscles in deep group of posterior leg

A

popliteus, flexor hallucis longus, flexor digitorum longus, tibialis posterior

31
Q

main function of deep group of posterior leg

A

flex toes and plantarflexing ankle

32
Q

innervation of deep group of posterior leg

A

tibial nerve (L4-S3)

33
Q

Blood supply to deep group of posterior leg

A

posterior tibial artery

34
Q

test of tibial nerve

A

ankle jerk reflex - if positive then nerve is good and gastrocnemius and soleus are functioning

35
Q

muscles of anterior compartment of the leg

A

tibialis anterior, extensor digitorum longus, extensor hallucis longus, fibularis tertus

36
Q

main function of anterior compartment of the leg

A

dorsiflexing ankle and extension of toes

37
Q

innervation of anterior compartment of the leg

A

deep fibular (peroneal) nerve

38
Q

Blood supply to anterior compartment of the leg

A

Anterior tibial artery

39
Q

damage to deep fibular (peroneal) nerve

A

causes foot drop, muscles in anterior compartment of the leg are paralysed, patient flicks foot forward when walking = ‘eversion flick’

40
Q

Muscles in lateral compartment of the leg

A

fibularis longus, fibularis brevis

41
Q

Main function in lateral compartment of the leg

A

eversion of foot and plantarflexion of ankle

42
Q

innervation of lateral compartment of the leg

A

superficial fibular nerve (L5,S1,S2)

43
Q

Blood supply to lateral compartment of the leg

A

Fibular artery

44
Q

Bones of the foot

A

Talus, Calcaneus, Navicular, Medial/Intermediate/lateral cuneiforms, Cuboid
Tiger Cubs Need MILCC
5 metatarsals and 14 phalanages

45
Q

innervation of the foot - Saphenous, Superficial fibular, Sural, Dee fibular, Medial calcaneal, Medial plantar, lateral plantar

A

Saphenous nerve = bit near medial malleolus and that area of sole
Superficial fibular nerve = majority of the top of the foot
Sural nerve = area above 5th metatarsal base and lateral corner of heel
Deep fibular nerve = 1st webspace
Medial calcaneal nerve = Main part of heel
Medial plantar = big toe to half middle toe and most of medial sole
Lateral plantar = half of middle toe to little toe and most of medial sole

MSK anatomy and Peads (5 decks)

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