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UPPER LIMB Flashcards

1
Q

____ connects the upper limb to the trunk

A

Clavicle

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2
Q

Which vessels supply the upper limb with veins and arteries?

A

Subclavian vessels

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3
Q

Nerves that supply the upper limb are

A

Brachial plexus

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4
Q

Clinical:

What happens when the Clavicle is fractured?

A
  1. Medial end is pulled up by SCM (sternocleidomastoid)
  2. Lateral end is pulled down by body weight
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5
Q

Largest bone in upper limb
- Articulates with the scapula at the glenohumeral joint,
and the radius and ulna at the elbow joint

A

Humerus (arm bone)

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6
Q

What are the Fracture types of Humerus ?

A

SMSM

S- Surgical neck

M- Midshaft

S- Supracondylar

M- Medial Epicondyle

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7
Q

During a fracture, What nerve is damaged at the surgical neck of the Humerus?

A
  1. Axillary
  2. Posterior circumflex humeral
    artery
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8
Q

During a fracture, What nerve is damaged at the Midshaft of the Humerus?

A
  1. Radial Nerve
  2. Profunda brachii artery
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9
Q

During a fracture, What nerve is damaged at the Supracondylar of the Humerus?

A
  1. Brachial artery
  2. median nerve
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10
Q

During a fracture, What nerve is damaged at the Medial Epicondyle of the Humerus?

A
  1. Ulnar nerve
  2. Ulnar collateral artery
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11
Q

What types of fractures are associated with the Radius?

A
  1. Colle’s
  2. Smith
  3. Upper end of radius
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12
Q

Features of Colle’s fracture (Radius)

A
  1. Lower end of radius displaced dorsally
  2. Dinner fork deformity
  3. Fall outstretched hand (FOOSH)
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13
Q

Features of Smith’s fracture (Radius)

A
  1. Lower end of radius displaced ventrally
  2. Fall on flexed hand
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14
Q

In Smith’s fracture, which artery and nerve is affected

A
  1. Radial artery
  2. Median nerve
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15
Q

Name the common fractures in the Metacarpals and Phalanges (hand and finger bones)

A
  1. Boxer’s fracture
  2. Scaphoid fracture
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16
Q

Which hand fracture usually happens at the 5th metacarpal

A

Boxer’s Fracture

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17
Q

Which hand fracture commonly happens especially due to a fall

A

Scaphoid fracture

When a person falls, forces are transferred via

scaphoid bone —→radius –→ulnar—→ humerus

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18
Q

During a scaphoid fracture, there’s usually a lunate dislocation. Which nerve is compressed during this location?

A

Median nerve

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19
Q

List the Articular Surfaces

A

SAGER -WH

Sternoclavicular Joint

Acromioclavicular Joint

Glenohumeral Joint

Elbow Joint

Radioulnar Joint

Wrist Joint

Hand Joint

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20
Q

What are the ligaments of Shoulder Joint?

A

Fabulous Girls Think Cute

  1. Fibrous capsule
  2. Glenohumeral
  3. Transverse
  4. Coraco-humeral
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21
Q

Synovial joint for Sternoclavicular Joint____

A

Saddle

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22
Q

Synovial joint for Acromioclavicular Joint___

23
Q

Synovial joint for Glenohumeral Joint___

A

Ball & Socket

24
Q

Synovial joint for Elbow joint____

25
Q

Synovial joint for Radioulnar Joint ___

26
Q

Synovial joint for Wrist Joint____

27
Q

Synovial joint for Hand Joint____

28
Q

What are the main ligaments in Elbow joint?

A
  1. Radial collateral
  2. Ulnar Collateral
29
Q

What is the main clinical correlate in the elbow joint seen in kids?

A

Pulled elbow

(head of radius comes out from annular ligament)

30
Q

The Shoulder joint (Glenohumeral) moves in all directions.

True or False

31
Q

The pouch of synovial membrane is known as ____

32
Q

The Bursae of Shoulder Joint is important because____

A
  • Reduces friction caused by muscles and tendons moving against skin and bones
  • facilitates movement.
33
Q

List the 2 Bursae of Shoulder Joint

A
  1. Subacromial Bursa/subdeltoid bursa
  2. Subtendinous bursa of subscapularis
34
Q

TOPIC: UPPER LIMB MOVEMENTS

What muscles are involved in Shoulder Medial Rotation

A

Latissimus Dorsi

Teres Major

Subscapularis

Pec Major

35
Q

What muscles are involved in Shoulder Lateral Rotation

A

Infraspinatus

Teres Minor

36
Q

What muscles are involved in Arm Ad-duction?

A

Latissimus Dorsi

Pec Major

Coracobrachialis

Triceps

37
Q

What muscles are involved in Arm Ab-duction?

A

Suprascapular (0-15)

Deltoid (15-90)

Serratus Anterior (>90)

38
Q

What muscles are involved in Arm Extension?

A

Teres major

Triceps

39
Q

What muscles are involved in Arm Flexion?

A

Biceps Brachii

Coracobrachialis

Pec Major

Brachioradialis (weak flexion midpronated)

40
Q

What muscles are involved in Forearm Extension?

41
Q

What muscles are involved in Forearm Flexion?

A

Biceps Brachii

Brachialis

42
Q

What muscles are involved in Scapula Elevation?

A

Trapezius

Levator Scapulae

43
Q

What muscles are involved in Ad-duction of Scapula?

A

Rhomboid Minor

Rhomboid Major

44
Q

What muscles are involved in Protraction of Scapula?

45
Q

What muscles are involved in Ab-duction of radius while arm is pronated?

46
Q

Which joint is involved in the pronation and supination of the arm?

A

Ulnar-radial joint

47
Q

Which muscle is involved in Forearm Pronation?

A

Pronator Teres

Pronator Quadratus

48
Q

Which muscle is involved in Forearm Supination?

A

Biceps Brachii (strong)

Supinator

49
Q

Which muscles are involved in Wrist Extension?

A

Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus

Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis

Extensor Digitorum

Extensor Digiti Minimi

Extensor Carpi Ulnaris

50
Q

Which muscles are involved in Wrist Flexion

A

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris

Palmaris Longus

Flexor Carpi Radialis

Flexor Digitorum Superficialis

Flexor Digitorum Profundus

51
Q

Which muscles are involved in Wrist Ab-duction?

A

Flexor Carpi Radialis

Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus

Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis

52
Q

Which muscles are involved in Wrist Ad-duction?

A

Flexor Carpi Ullnaris

Extensor Carpi Ulnaris

53
Q

Which muscles are involved in Finger Extension ?

A

Extensor Digitorum

Extensor Digiti Minimi (pinky)

Extensor Pollicis Brevis (thumb)

Extensor Pollicis Longus (thumb)

Extensor Indicis (index)

54
Q

Which muscles are involved in Finger Flexion?

A

Flexor Digitorum Superficialis (PIPs)

Flexor Digitorum Profundus (DIPs)

MSK (12 decks)

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