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UPPER LIMB Flashcards

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1
Q

____ connects the upper limb to the trunk

A

Clavicle

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2
Q

Which vessels supply the upper limb with veins and arteries?

A

Subclavian vessels

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3
Q

Nerves that supply the upper limb are

A

Brachial plexus

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4
Q

Clinical:

What happens when the Clavicle is fractured?

A
  1. Medial end is pulled up by SCM (sternocleidomastoid)
  2. Lateral end is pulled down by body weight
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5
Q

Largest bone in upper limb
- Articulates with the scapula at the glenohumeral joint,
and the radius and ulna at the elbow joint

A

Humerus (arm bone)

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6
Q

What are the Fracture types of Humerus ?

A

SMSM

S- Surgical neck

M- Midshaft

S- Supracondylar

M- Medial Epicondyle

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7
Q

During a fracture, What nerve is damaged at the surgical neck of the Humerus?

A
  1. Axillary
  2. Posterior circumflex humeral
    artery
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8
Q

During a fracture, What nerve is damaged at the Midshaft of the Humerus?

A
  1. Radial Nerve
  2. Profunda brachii artery
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9
Q

During a fracture, What nerve is damaged at the Supracondylar of the Humerus?

A
  1. Brachial artery
  2. median nerve
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10
Q

During a fracture, What nerve is damaged at the Medial Epicondyle of the Humerus?

A
  1. Ulnar nerve
  2. Ulnar collateral artery
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11
Q

What types of fractures are associated with the Radius?

A
  1. Colle’s
  2. Smith
  3. Upper end of radius
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12
Q

Features of Colle’s fracture (Radius)

A
  1. Lower end of radius displaced dorsally
  2. Dinner fork deformity
  3. Fall outstretched hand (FOOSH)
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13
Q

Features of Smith’s fracture (Radius)

A
  1. Lower end of radius displaced ventrally
  2. Fall on flexed hand
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14
Q

In Smith’s fracture, which artery and nerve is affected

A
  1. Radial artery
  2. Median nerve
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15
Q

Name the common fractures in the Metacarpals and Phalanges (hand and finger bones)

A
  1. Boxer’s fracture
  2. Scaphoid fracture
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16
Q

Which hand fracture usually happens at the 5th metacarpal

A

Boxer’s Fracture

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17
Q

Which hand fracture commonly happens especially due to a fall

A

Scaphoid fracture

When a person falls, forces are transferred via

scaphoid bone —→radius –→ulnar—→ humerus

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18
Q

During a scaphoid fracture, there’s usually a lunate dislocation. Which nerve is compressed during this location?

A

Median nerve

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19
Q

List the Articular Surfaces

A

SAGER -WH

Sternoclavicular Joint

Acromioclavicular Joint

Glenohumeral Joint

Elbow Joint

Radioulnar Joint

Wrist Joint

Hand Joint

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20
Q

What are the ligaments of Shoulder Joint?

A

Fabulous Girls Think Cute

  1. Fibrous capsule
  2. Glenohumeral
  3. Transverse
  4. Coraco-humeral
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21
Q

Synovial joint for Sternoclavicular Joint____

A

Saddle

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22
Q

Synovial joint for Acromioclavicular Joint___

23
Q

Synovial joint for Glenohumeral Joint___

Study These Flashcards
A

Ball & Socket

24
Q

Synovial joint for Elbow joint____

25
**Synovial joint for Radioulnar Joint \_\_\_**
Pivot
26
**Synovial joint for Wrist Joint\_\_\_\_**
Ellipsoid
27
**Synovial joint for Hand Joint\_\_\_\_**
Hinge
28
What are the **main ligaments in Elbow joint**?
1. Radial collateral 2. Ulnar Collateral
29
What is the **main clinical correlate in the elbow joint _seen in kids?_**
Pulled elbow (head of radius comes out from annular ligament)
30
The Shoulder joint (Glenohumeral) **moves in all directions.** True or False
True
31
The pouch of synovial membrane is known as \_\_\_\_
Bursa
32
The Bursae of Shoulder Joint is important because\_\_\_\_
* Reduces friction caused by muscles and tendons moving against skin and bones * facilitates movement.
33
List the 2 Bursae of Shoulder Joint
1. Subacromial Bursa/subdeltoid bursa 2. Subtendinous bursa of subscapularis
34
**TOPIC: UPPER LIMB MOVEMENTS** What muscles are involved in **Shoulder Medial Rotation**
Latissimus Dorsi Teres Major Subscapularis Pec Major
35
What muscles are involved in **Shoulder Lateral Rotation**
Infraspinatus Teres Minor
36
What muscles are involved in **Arm Ad-duction?**
Latissimus Dorsi Pec Major Coracobrachialis Triceps
37
What muscles are involved in **Arm Ab-duction?**
Suprascapular (0-15) Deltoid (15-90) Serratus Anterior (\>90)
38
What muscles are involved in **Arm Extension?**
Teres major Triceps
39
What muscles are involved in **Arm Flexion?**
Biceps Brachii Coracobrachialis Pec Major Brachioradialis (weak flexion midpronated)
40
What muscles are involved in **Forearm Extension?**
Tricep
41
What muscles are involved in **Forearm Flexion?**
Biceps Brachii Brachialis
42
What muscles are involved in **Scapula Elevation?**
Trapezius Levator Scapulae
43
What muscles are involved in **Ad-duction** **of Scapula?**
Rhomboid Minor Rhomboid Major
44
What muscles are involved in **Protraction of Scapula?**
Pec Minor
45
What muscles are involved in **Ab-duction of radius while arm is pronated?**
Anconeus
46
Which joint is involved in **the pronation and supination of the arm?**
Ulnar-radial joint
47
Which muscle is involved in **Forearm Pronation?**
Pronator Teres Pronator Quadratus
48
Which muscle is involved in **Forearm Supination?**
Biceps Brachii (strong) Supinator
49
Which muscles are involved in **Wrist Extension?**
Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Extensor Digitorum Extensor Digiti Minimi Extensor Carpi Ulnaris
50
Which muscles are involved in **Wrist Flexion**
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Palmaris Longus Flexor Carpi Radialis Flexor Digitorum Superficialis Flexor Digitorum Profundus
51
Which muscles are involved in **Wrist Ab-duction?**
Flexor Carpi Radialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis
52
Which muscles are involved in **Wrist Ad-duction?**
Flexor Carpi Ullnaris Extensor Carpi Ulnaris
53
Which muscles are involved in **Finger Extension ?**
Extensor Digitorum Extensor Digiti Minimi (pinky) Extensor Pollicis Brevis (thumb) Extensor Pollicis Longus (thumb) Extensor Indicis (index)
54
Which muscles are involved in **Finger Flexion?**
Flexor Digitorum Superficialis (PIPs) Flexor Digitorum Profundus (DIPs)

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