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MSK > MUSCLE HISTOLOGY > Flashcards

MUSCLE HISTOLOGY Flashcards

1
Q

Universal property of Muscle tissue

A

Contractility

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2
Q

Types of Myofilaments associated with cell CONTRACTION

A
  1. Thick filaments (Myosin II) 2. Thin filaments (Actin)
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3
Q

How many structures make up thick filaments (Myosin II)

A

1

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4
Q

How many structures make up thin filaments (Actin)

A

F-actin (Polymer formed from G-actin)

G-actin

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5
Q

Why are Muscle cells referred to as Muscle Fibres?

A

Due to their long cylindrical structures

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6
Q

Term used to describe Muscle Cell Membrane

A

Sarcolemma

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7
Q

Term used to describe Muscle Cytoplasm

A

Sarcoplasm

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8
Q

Term used to describe Muscle Mitochondria

A

Sarcosomes

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9
Q

Term used to describe Muscle Endoplasmic Reticulum

A

Sarcoplasmic Reticulum

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10
Q

What are the Key features of Skeletal Muscle

A

Longitudinal

Striations

Multi-nucleated

Nucleus on Peripheral

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11
Q

What are the Key features of Cardiac Muscle ?

A

Intercalated disc (Gap junctions)

Branching Striations

Single nucleus in branches

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12
Q

What are the Key features of Smooth Muscle

A

Spindle shape

Centered Nucleus

No striations

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13
Q

Skeletal muscle is invested by a dense collagenous connective tissue known as:

A

Epimysium (Outermost covering)

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14
Q

Each fascicle is surrounded by a looser

connective tissue known as….

A

Perimysium

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15
Q

Each individual muscle fiber within a fascicle is

enveloped by fine reticular fibers known as…

A

Endomysium

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16
Q

In skeletal muscle, each muscle cell, more commonly called a

A

Muscle fiber which is actually a multinucleated syncytium.

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17
Q

Each muscle fiber is formed by the fusion of small, individual muscle cells called…

A

Myoblasts

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18
Q

What are Satellite Cells responsible for ?

A

The Skeletal muscle’s ability to regenerate (which is limited) in case of any injury

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19
Q

The functional unit of the myofibril is the…

A

Sarcomere

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20
Q

The segment of the myofibril between two adjacent Z lines

A

Sarcomere

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21
Q

Arrange the muscle fibre from smallest to largest

A
  1. Myofilament
  2. Myofibril
  3. Muscle fiber
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22
Q

1 Myofibril consists of …

A

I-MHAS

  1. I-Band
  2. M line
  3. H-zone
  4. A-band
  5. Sarcomere
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23
Q

The term given to the space between two Z lines is known as

A

Sarcomere

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24
Q

Where does Actin filaments attach

A

Z-line/ Z-disc

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25
Q

Where can only Actin be found

A

I-band

Z-disk

26
Q

The overlapping of myosin filament and actin filament

A

A-band

27
Q

Where can only Myosin filaments be found?

A

H-zone

28
Q

What happens to sarcomere when a muscle contracts?

A

It Shortens

29
Q

When sarcomere shortens during contraction, what else is affected?

A

Z- HI

Z-line

H-zone

I-band

30
Q

The invagination of the sarcolema (membrane) into the muscle fibre is known as….

A

Transverse Tubular System-(T-tubule)

31
Q

Where are T tubules located?

A

Between adjacent terminal cisternae at the A–I junction

32
Q

In Skeletal muscle, the complex of T tubule and the two adjacent terminal cisternae is called

A

A triad

33
Q

What structure encircles the sarcomere and what do they serve as?

A

Sarcoplasmic Reticulum

Serves as a reservoir for Ca2+

34
Q

Are all skeletal muscle fibers the same?

A

NO

35
Q

There are three types of skeletal muscle fibers: they are…

A
  • type I (slow oxidative), ——————-→SO
  • type IIa (fast oxidative glycolytic),—-→FOG
  • type IIb (fast glycolytic) fibers.———→FG
36
Q

Cardiac Muscle is similar to Skeletal muscle

True for False?

A

True

37
Q

Cardiac Muscle are also known as

A

Myocytes

38
Q

Key features of Cardiac Muscle

A

Branched striations

Centrally positioned single nucleus

Attached to each other by intercalated discs (muscle fiber)

39
Q

Which muscles have the largest number of mitochondria?

A

Cardiac Muscle

40
Q

Terminal cisternae in Cardiac muscle are much smaller than in

Skeletal muscle.

True or False?

A

True

41
Q

In Cardiac muscle, the complex of T tubule and the terminal cisternae is called

A

Diads

42
Q

Where are Diads located?

A

At the level of Z-line

43
Q

Intercalated discs are specialized cell-to-cell adhesion junction.

True or False?

A

True

44
Q

The cell-to-cell adhesion junctions contain 3 things.. Name them

A

Fascia adherens(FA)

Maculae adherentes (desmosomes) (MA)

Gap junctions (GJ)

45
Q

Which muscle has no striations?

A

Smoothmuscle

46
Q

Which muscle has dense bodies (z line) attached by actin and myosin

A

Smooth muscle

47
Q

Smooth Muscles are specialized for slow, prolonged contractions.

True or False?

A

True

48
Q

Which muscle is found in hollow organs, such as the stomach, intestine, blood vessels, and bladder.

A

Smooth Muscles

49
Q

In Smooth muscles, there is no T system. What is the name of the invaginations of the cell membrane called ?

A

Caveolae

50
Q

List features that cannot be found in Smooth muscles

A

No sarcomeres

No myofibrils

No striations

No T-tubules

51
Q

Which muscles have abundant gap junctions?

A

Smooth Muscles.

52
Q

A SNAPSHOT OF THE SUMMARY

A

THE 3 MUSCLES (Know these)

Striations

T Tubules

Gap junctions

Regeneration

53
Q

Socrative

Which of the following is a unique feature of cardiac muscle?

A

Often Branched

54
Q

Socrative

Which of the following structure we see the gap junctions, desmosomes, and fascia adherens junctions?

A

Intercalated discs

55
Q

Socrative

A 7-year-old girl sustains a small tear in her deltoid muscle when she is involved in a bicycle accident. Regeneration of the muscle will occur due to which of the following cells?

A

Satellite cells

56
Q

Socrative

Identify the photomicrograph

A

Skeletal Muscle

Explanation:

The attached micrograph shows the transverse section of skeletal muscle. The nucleus (dark points)along with cell organelles are present at the periphery due to the predominant arrangement of myofibrils in each muscle fiber.

57
Q

Socrative

A photomicrograph of skeletal muscle fibers contain structures called triads. What do the two lateral components of a triad represent?

A

Sites for calcium sequestration and release

58
Q

Socrative

The connective tissue that forms a sheath around each muscle fiber is

A

Endomysium

59
Q

Socrative

Multiple peripheral nuclei are seen in which of the following?

A

Striated Muscle

60
Q

Socrative

Identify the photomicrograph

A

Cardiac Muscle

MSK (12 decks)

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