Upper GI tract Flashcards
Epithelial lining of GI tract
A. Visceral mesoderm
B. Endoderm
B
Gives rise to parenchyma of hepatocytes and pancreas
A. Visceral mesoderm
B. Endoderm
B
Forms stroma of the glands in the GI
A. Visceral mesoderm
B. Endoderm
A
Forms muscle, CT, peritoneal components of the WALL OF THE GUT
A. Visceral mesoderm
B. Endoderm
A
GI traft mainly is from the
A. Visceral mesoderm
B. Endoderm
Endoderm
Lateral folding results to —>
Late PAC
Peritoneum
Anterior Abdominal Wall
Coelom or Intraembryonic Coelomic Cavities
At what week does the connecting bridge narrow and caudal part of foregut and midgut and major hindgut are suspended from the abd. wall by the dorsal mesentery
5th
Appearance of esophagus at 4 wka old
Respiratory bud/respiratory diverticulum
Appearance of stomach at 4 weeks old
Fusiform dilatation of the foregut
In the ff weeks, the appearance of the stomach and its position changes due to the its rotation
90 degrees clockwise around a longitudinal AP axis
Rotation of the stomach cause Left side to face
Left anterior right posterior
Vagus nerve location
LARP
Reason why there are greater and lesser curvatures
Posterior wall of the stomach grows faster
Both ends of the stomach originally lie in the midline but after rotation…
Caudal/Pylorus is
Cephalic/Caudal is
Right and upward (pYlorus - RU)
Left and backward
Determines the final position of the pancreas —> retroperitoneal
Dorsal mesogastrium
It lengthens —> fuses with post. abd wall —> degenerates
Dorsal mesogastrium
These cells become the spleen
Dorsal mesogastrium cells
Spleen is intraperitoneal. T or F.
T. Suspended by splenicorenal ligament and gastrolienal ligament
Greater omentum is derived from
Dorsal mesentery/mesogastrium
D1 and D2 are formed from the
Terminal foregut
D3 and D4 is formed from
Cephalic midgut
Reason why duodenum takes form of a C-shaped loop and rotates to the right side of abd cavity
Stomach rotates on AP axis
Dorsal mesoduodenum disappears ENTIRELY EXCEPT IN THE
Pylorus of the stomach where duodenal cap retains its mesentery and remains intraperitoneal
That’s why D1 is
T or F initially during 3rd month, the lumen of duodenum is obliterated
It is true that it is obliterated but not at the 3rd month. 2nd month dapat :)
It eventually recanalizes naman
Duodenum is supplied by both
Celiac and SMA
Foregut is supplied by
A. SMA
B. Celiac
B
Midgut is supplied by
A. SMA
B. Celiac
A
Failure of duodenum to recanalize after 2 months intrauterine
Duodenal atresia
Characteristic of duodenal atresia
(+) Bilus vomiting
Xray: double bubble sign
Liver and gall bladder come from
A. Proximal midgut
B. Distal midgut
C. Proximal foregut
D. Distal foregut
D
Liver and gall bladder are formed from
Liver diverticulum/liver bud
Where hematopoietic stem cells, Kupffer cells, CT cells are derived from
Septum Transversum
Veins that intermingle with liver cords and hepatic sinusoids
Vitelline and Umbilical veins
Connections between these structures forms the bile duct
Liver bud and foregut
These arise as ventral outgrowths of the bile duct
GALL BLADDER and its cystic duct
Week when bile is created
12
Failure of devt of bile ducts
Or recanalization after becoming solid due to epithelial proliferation
Biliary atresia
*as long as there’s recanalization we’ll be fine
Biliary atresia results to
Liver cirrhosis
At what age can a baby with liver cirrhosis due to biliary atresia be operated?
2 mos
Pnacreas comes from outpouching of the
A. Foregut
B. Midgut
A
Pancreas comes from
A. Dorsal pancreatic bud
B. Ventral pancreatic bud
C. Lateral pancreatic bus
A and B
they eventually fuse together
Where uncinate process comes from
A. Dorsal pancreatic bud
B. Ventral pancreatic bud
B.
Where head of pancreas comes from
A. Dorsal pancreatic bud
B. Ventral pancreatic bud
B
Where body and tail of pancreas come from?
A. Dorsal pancreatic bud
B. Ventral pancreatic bud
A
Main pancreatic duct of wirsung mainly comes from
A. Dorsal pancreatic bud
B. Ventral pancreatic bud
B
A little bit comes from distal dorsal bud. More of ventral
Main pancreatic duct and bile duct enter duodenum at the site of
Major papilla
Accessory pancreatic duct comes from
A. Proximal Dorsal pancreatic bud
B. Proximal Ventral pancreatic bud
C. Distal Dorsal Pancreatic bud
D. Distal Vental pancreatic gud
A. Proximal dorsal
At this month, islet of langerhans develop
Isl3t of lang3rhans
Islet of langerhans come from
parenchymatous tissue
At this month, insulin secretion begins
5
In5ulin 5ecretion
Where glucagon and somatostatin comes from
Parenchyma cells (like islet of langerhans)
This forms pancreatic CT
Visceral mesoderm surrounding the buds
Abnormal fusion of the ventral and dorsal pancreatic buds
Annular pancreas
Annular pancreas is characterized by
Obstruction
What happens in annular pancreas
Right part migrates NORMALLY
left part migrates in opposite direction —> encircles duodenum
