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Embryology > Upper GI tract > Flashcards

Upper GI tract Flashcards

1
Q

Epithelial lining of GI tract

A. Visceral mesoderm
B. Endoderm

A

B

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2
Q

Gives rise to parenchyma of hepatocytes and pancreas

A. Visceral mesoderm
B. Endoderm

A

B

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3
Q

Forms stroma of the glands in the GI

A. Visceral mesoderm
B. Endoderm

A

A

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4
Q

Forms muscle, CT, peritoneal components of the WALL OF THE GUT

A. Visceral mesoderm
B. Endoderm

A

A

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5
Q

GI traft mainly is from the

A. Visceral mesoderm
B. Endoderm

A

Endoderm

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6
Q

Lateral folding results to —>

A

Late PAC

Peritoneum

Anterior Abdominal Wall

Coelom or Intraembryonic Coelomic Cavities

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7
Q

At what week does the connecting bridge narrow and caudal part of foregut and midgut and major hindgut are suspended from the abd. wall by the dorsal mesentery

A

5th

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8
Q

Appearance of esophagus at 4 wka old

A

Respiratory bud/respiratory diverticulum

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9
Q

Appearance of stomach at 4 weeks old

A

Fusiform dilatation of the foregut

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10
Q

In the ff weeks, the appearance of the stomach and its position changes due to the its rotation

A

90 degrees clockwise around a longitudinal AP axis

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11
Q

Rotation of the stomach cause Left side to face

A

Left anterior right posterior

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12
Q

Vagus nerve location

A

LARP

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13
Q

Reason why there are greater and lesser curvatures

A

Posterior wall of the stomach grows faster

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14
Q

Both ends of the stomach originally lie in the midline but after rotation…

Caudal/Pylorus is
Cephalic/Caudal is

A

Right and upward (pYlorus - RU)

Left and backward

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15
Q

Determines the final position of the pancreas —> retroperitoneal

A

Dorsal mesogastrium

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16
Q

It lengthens —> fuses with post. abd wall —> degenerates

A

Dorsal mesogastrium

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17
Q

These cells become the spleen

A

Dorsal mesogastrium cells

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18
Q

Spleen is intraperitoneal. T or F.

A

T. Suspended by splenicorenal ligament and gastrolienal ligament

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19
Q

Greater omentum is derived from

A

Dorsal mesentery/mesogastrium

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20
Q

D1 and D2 are formed from the

A

Terminal foregut

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21
Q

D3 and D4 is formed from

A

Cephalic midgut

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22
Q

Reason why duodenum takes form of a C-shaped loop and rotates to the right side of abd cavity

A

Stomach rotates on AP axis

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23
Q

Dorsal mesoduodenum disappears ENTIRELY EXCEPT IN THE

A

Pylorus of the stomach where duodenal cap retains its mesentery and remains intraperitoneal

That’s why D1 is

24
Q

T or F initially during 3rd month, the lumen of duodenum is obliterated

A

It is true that it is obliterated but not at the 3rd month. 2nd month dapat :)

It eventually recanalizes naman

25
Q

Duodenum is supplied by both

A

Celiac and SMA

26
Q

Foregut is supplied by

A. SMA
B. Celiac

A

B

27
Q

Midgut is supplied by

A. SMA
B. Celiac

A

A

28
Q

Failure of duodenum to recanalize after 2 months intrauterine

A

Duodenal atresia

29
Q

Characteristic of duodenal atresia

A

(+) Bilus vomiting

Xray: double bubble sign

30
Q

Liver and gall bladder come from

A. Proximal midgut
B. Distal midgut
C. Proximal foregut
D. Distal foregut

A

D

31
Q

Liver and gall bladder are formed from

A

Liver diverticulum/liver bud

32
Q

Where hematopoietic stem cells, Kupffer cells, CT cells are derived from

A

Septum Transversum

33
Q

Veins that intermingle with liver cords and hepatic sinusoids

A

Vitelline and Umbilical veins

34
Q

Connections between these structures forms the bile duct

A

Liver bud and foregut

35
Q

These arise as ventral outgrowths of the bile duct

A

GALL BLADDER and its cystic duct

36
Q

Week when bile is created

A

12

37
Q

Failure of devt of bile ducts

Or recanalization after becoming solid due to epithelial proliferation

A

Biliary atresia

*as long as there’s recanalization we’ll be fine

38
Q

Biliary atresia results to

A

Liver cirrhosis

39
Q

At what age can a baby with liver cirrhosis due to biliary atresia be operated?

A

2 mos

40
Q

Pnacreas comes from outpouching of the

A. Foregut
B. Midgut

A

A

41
Q

Pancreas comes from

A. Dorsal pancreatic bud
B. Ventral pancreatic bud
C. Lateral pancreatic bus

A

A and B

they eventually fuse together

42
Q

Where uncinate process comes from

A. Dorsal pancreatic bud
B. Ventral pancreatic bud

A

B.

43
Q

Where head of pancreas comes from

A. Dorsal pancreatic bud
B. Ventral pancreatic bud

A

B

44
Q

Where body and tail of pancreas come from?

A. Dorsal pancreatic bud
B. Ventral pancreatic bud

A

A

45
Q

Main pancreatic duct of wirsung mainly comes from

A. Dorsal pancreatic bud
B. Ventral pancreatic bud

A

B

A little bit comes from distal dorsal bud. More of ventral

46
Q

Main pancreatic duct and bile duct enter duodenum at the site of

A

Major papilla

47
Q

Accessory pancreatic duct comes from

A. Proximal Dorsal pancreatic bud
B. Proximal Ventral pancreatic bud
C. Distal Dorsal Pancreatic bud
D. Distal Vental pancreatic gud

A

A. Proximal dorsal

48
Q

At this month, islet of langerhans develop

A

Isl3t of lang3rhans

49
Q

Islet of langerhans come from

A

parenchymatous tissue

50
Q

At this month, insulin secretion begins

A

5

In5ulin 5ecretion

51
Q

Where glucagon and somatostatin comes from

A

Parenchyma cells (like islet of langerhans)

52
Q

This forms pancreatic CT

A

Visceral mesoderm surrounding the buds

53
Q

Abnormal fusion of the ventral and dorsal pancreatic buds

A

Annular pancreas

54
Q

Annular pancreas is characterized by

A

Obstruction

55
Q

What happens in annular pancreas

A

Right part migrates NORMALLY

left part migrates in opposite direction —> encircles duodenum

Embryology (4 decks)

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