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Embryology > Body Cavities > Flashcards

Body Cavities Flashcards

1
Q

Rolls up —> CNS

A

Ectoderm

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2
Q

Rolls down to form gut

A

Ectoderm

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3
Q

Keeps the two tubes in place

A

Mesoderm

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4
Q

2 layers of the lateral plate mesoderm

A

Splanchnic/Visceral

Somatic/Parietal

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5
Q

Rolls ventrally and intimately connected to gut tube

A

Lateral plate mesoderm

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6
Q

These form the Lateral Body Wall Folds

A

Somatic/Parietal Lateral Plate Mesoderm + Ectoderm

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7
Q

Lateral Body Wall Folds love

A

Ventrally and meet in the midline —> closing the Ventral Body Wall

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8
Q

Space bet visceral and parietal layers of the lateral plate mesoderm

A

Primitive Body Cavity

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9
Q

Where muscles of the ant abd wall come from

A

Somatic mesoderm

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10
Q

Only site where closure of the ventral body wall is incomplete

A

Region of connecting stalk (future umbilical cord)

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11
Q

Only site where closure of gut tube is incomplete

A

Vitelline Duct (yolk sac)

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12
Q

Connection between midgut and yolk sac

A

Vitelline duct

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13
Q

Serous membranes

A

Dorsal and ventral mesentery

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14
Q

Where visceral and parietal layers are continuous with one another

A. Dorsal Mesentery
B. Ventral Mesentery

A

A

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15
Q

Suspends gut tube from posterior body wall into __________

^function of dorsal mesentery

A

Peritoneal cavity

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16
Q

Extends from caudal limit of the foregut to the end of the hindgut

A. Dorsal Mesentery
B. Ventral Mesentery

A

A

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17
Q

Greater Omentum
Mesentery/Root of mesentery
Dorsal mesocolon
Dorsal mesoduodenum

A. Dorsal Mesentery
B. Ventral Mesentery

A

A

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18
Q

Ventral mesentery extends from caudal foregut —> ?

A

Upper esophagus

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19
Q

Ventral mesentery is due to thinning of what structure

A

Septum Transversum

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20
Q

A block of mesoderm that forms CT in the liver and central tendon of the diaphragm

A

Septum transversum

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21
Q

Lesser Omentum, Falciform Ligament

A. Dorsal Mesentery
B. Ventral Mesentery

A

B

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22
Q

Cause of ventral body wall defects

A

Failure of closure of lateral body wall

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23
Q

Ectopia Cordis is

A

(+) heart outside

Failure to close in anterior thoracic region

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24
Q

Cantrell Pentalogy can result to

A

Cleft lip/palate
Club foot
Ectopia cordis

25
Q

In the abdominal region where the intestinal loops herniate directly — lies right to umbilicus

A 
A. Gastroschisis
B. Bladder Exstrophy
C. Cloacal Exstrophy
D. Ectopia cordis 
E. Omphalocele
26
Q

Failed closure int the pelvic region

May cause epispadias (split in the dorsum of the penis)

A. Gastroschisis
B. Bladder Exstrophy
C. Cloacal Exstrophy
D. Ectopia cordis 
E. Omphalocele
A

B

27
Q

Larger closure defect; bladder, part of rectum, anal canal exposed

A. Gastroschisis
B. Bladder Exstrophy
C. Cloacal Exstrophy
D. Ectopia cordis 
E. Omphalocele
A

C

28
Q

Physiological Umbilical Herniation happens during

12-14 weeks
10-12 weeks
6-10 weeks
11-13 weeks

A

6-10

29
Q

After 10 weeks, persistent protrusion if the umbilicus —>

A

Omphalocele

30
Q

Pathology is not failure to close but portion of gut tube fails to return to the abdominal cavity

A

Omphalocele

31
Q

Can be detected both by fetal utz and increased AFP in maternal serum/amniotic fluid

Bladder exstrophy
Cloacal exatrophy
Gastoschisis
Ectopia cordis 
Omphalocele
A

Omphalocele

Gastroschisis

32
Q

Failure of body wall closure

A. Gastroschisis
B. Omphalocele

A

A

33
Q

Failure of portion of the gut to return to abd. wall cavity

A. Gastroschisis
B. Omphalocele

A

B

34
Q

Good prognosis

A. Gastroschisis
B. Omphalocele

A

A

35
Q

Covered by amnion

A. Gastroschisis
B. Omphalocele

A

B

36
Q

Not covered by amnion

A. Gastroschisis
B. Omphalocele

A

A

37
Q

This divides body cavity into thoracic and peritoneal

A

respiratory diaphragm

38
Q

Septum transversum is mesoderm that forms

Clue: CTs

A

CT of liver

Central Tendon of diaphragm

39
Q

Septum transversum occupies space between

A

Thoracic cavity and stalk of yolk sac

40
Q

The septum transversum does not completely separate the thoracic and abdominal cavity. Instead, it leaves _________ which forms into _______

A

Pericardioperitoneal canals found on each side of the foregut —> pleural cavities

41
Q

Transforms into pleural cavities

A

Pericardioperitoneal canals

42
Q

Further expansion of the lungs lead to

A

Splitting of mesoderm into

  1. Definitive thorax wall
  2. Pleuropericardial Membrances
43
Q

Extensions of pericardioperitoneal folds

A

Pleuropericardial membranes

44
Q

Found with pleuropericardial membrances

A

CCV

Phrenic nerve

45
Q

Reason why the common cardinal vein is in the midline

A

Heart’s descent

Positional changes of sinus venosus

46
Q

Thoracic cavity is divided into the pericardial and 2 pleural cavities due to the fusion of

A

Pleuropericardial FOLDS

Root of the lungs

47
Q

Allows abdominal viscera/organs like spleen, liver, intestinal loops into the thoracic cavity

A

Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia

48
Q

Complication of congenital diaphragmatic hernia

A

Abdominal viscera —> enters chest —> push heart forward —> compress lungs —> pulmonary hyperplasia

49
Q

Diaphragmatic hernia is commonly observed in which part of the body?

A

Left side

50
Q

Form of diaphragmatic hernia that is an anterior, retrosternal or parasternal hernia
A. Formaen Bochdalek
B. Foramen Morgagni
C. Posterior Diaphragmatic Hernia

A

B

51
Q

A. Formaen Bochdalek
B. Foramen Morgagni
C. Posterior Diaphragmatic Hernia

Hernia in esophageal opening formed by right crus of diaphragm

A

C

52
Q

Respiratory Diaphragm arises from 4 components:

A

Septum transversum —> central tendon

2 pleuroperitoneal membranes

Dorsal mesentery of esophagus —> crura

muscular components (somites C3-C5)

53
Q

This makes up the muscular components of the diaphragm

A

Somites C3-C5

54
Q

Thoracic cavity is divided into pericardial and 2 pleural cavities by

A

Pleuropericardial membranes

55
Q

Union of splanchnic (visceral) and parietal mesoderm

A

Dorsal mesentery

Which suspended into post abd wall

56
Q

Derived from thinning of septum transversum

A

Ventral mesentery

57
Q

Innervation of abd muscles

A

Anterior rami of spinal nerves

58
Q

What folding extends the cavity from thoracic to pelvic region

A

Cephalocaudal + Lateral folding

Embryology (4 decks)

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