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Amputations & Prosthetics > Upper Extremity Prosthetics > Flashcards

Upper Extremity Prosthetics Flashcards

1
Q

what is the common cause for UE amputees

A
  • most commonly industrial accidents or combat injuries
  • usually younger
  • if due to cancer, will usually be above elbow
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2
Q

what percentage is congenital amputees are UE

A
  • 60

- sometimes will go further up the arm to make more functional

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3
Q

what percentage is traumatic amputees are UE

A

70

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4
Q

scar placement considerations

A
  • not critical

- just straight distal

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5
Q

levels of amputation

A
  • wrist disarticulation
  • forearm
  • elbow disarticulation
  • above elbow
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6
Q

wrist disarticulation

A

hand and carpals taken

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7
Q

forearm amputation

A
  • lose pronation/supination - cant have rotation in socket

- as distal as possible - better socket = more stable limb

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8
Q

elbow disarticulation

A

only humerus left

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9
Q

prosthetic fit

A

prosthetic arm may be slightly shorter, the limb looks lifelss which may look longer if not done shorter

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10
Q

bony landmarks for prosthetic

A

C7
clavicle
acromion
scapula

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11
Q

C7

A

harness ring below

if not, pulls into flexion

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12
Q

clavicle

A

site of breakdown particularly for small people

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13
Q

acromion

A

to measure length of residuum

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14
Q

scapula

A
  • need good mobility

- function is based off of your scapula mobility

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15
Q

below elbow harness system

A
  • body powered cable system
  • voluntary open
  • both operational and suspension
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16
Q

how do you operate terminal device in a below elbow harness system

A
  • shoulder flexion tightnes cable and operates TD

- shoulder extension relaxes cable and closes TD

17
Q

what does shoulder abduction do in a below elbow harness system

A

increases shoulder flexion –> better operation of TD

18
Q

what does the anterior strap resist against in a below elbow harness

A

downward translation/slippage

19
Q

above elbow harness systme

A
  • body powered cable system

- main suspension is over the deltoid at the shoulder saddle

20
Q

how do you operate terminal device in a above elbow harness system

A
  • elbow must be locked

- shoulder flexion

21
Q

how do you lock the elbow in a above elbow harness system

A

through depression of shoulder with humeral abduction and extension

22
Q

myoelectric system

A
  • operated via EMG-like activity

- electrodes sense muscle contraction to control terminal device

23
Q

how is myoelectric system suspended

A

through pin and lock system, suction or supracondylar

24
Q

in a myoelectric system what closes TD

A

flexion

25
Q

in a myoelectric system what closes TD

A

wrist flexion

26
Q

if you have damage to muscles or nerves in arm, how do you operate a myoelectric system

A

using chest or back muscles

27
Q

how to open TD in a myoelectric system

A

wrist extension

28
Q

targeted muscle reinnervation

A
  • high level shoulder amputee or disarticulation
  • control of arm becomes intuitive
  • nerves from brachial plexus in residuum are transferred to target muscles that no longer perform function
  • increases signal to muscle for easier and enhanced prosthetic control
29
Q

targeted muscle reinnervation

A
  • high level shoulder amputee or disarticulation
  • control of arm becomes intuitive
  • nerves from brachial plexus in residuum are transferred to target muscles that no longer perform function
  • increases signal to muscle for easier and enhanced prosthetic control
30
Q

osseointegration

A
  • gives more sensation
  • similar to LE
  • two surgeries 6 months apart
  • improved function and QOL
31
Q

neural prosthesis interfaces

A
  • uses functioning neural transmission pathways for direct control of robotic limbs
  • can restore movement and touch
  • combine forward control with feedback control; something slipping from hand
32
Q

hook vs hand

A
  • functionality
  • cost
  • cosmetic
  • ADLs
  • a hook is more durable and better sense of manipulating objects, easier to pick things up
33
Q

myoelectric vs. harness

A
  • cose
  • freedom of motion
  • skin irritation
  • muscle activation (myoelectric)
  • ideal at motor point (myoelectric)
  • break alot and noisey (myoelectric)

Amputations & Prosthetics (10 decks)

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