Upper Extremity Muscles Flashcards
Origin, Insertion, Action
Deltoid - Anterior
O-anterior, lateral 1/3 clavicle
I-deltoid tuberosity
A-flexion, inversion
Deltoid - Middle
O-lateral aspect of acromion
I-deltoid tuberosity
A-abduction beyond 15 degrees
Deltoid - Posterior
O-Inferior edge of spine of scapula
I-Deltoid tuberosity
A-extension, eversion
Latissimus Dorsi
O-inf angle of scapula, spinous process of T6-12, last 4 ribs,
thoracolumbar aponeurosis and posterior iliac crest
I-intertubercular groove of humerus
A-extension, adduction, inversion
Teres Major
O-inferior angle and lower 1/3 of lateral border of scapula
I-crest of lesser tubercle/intertubercular groove of humerus
A- extension, adduction, inversion
Teres Minor
O-upper 2/3 of lateral border of scapula
I-greater tubercle of humerus
A-eversion at abduction, stability
Supraspinatus
O-Supraspinatus fossa
I-greater tubercle of humerus
A-abduction 15 degrees or more, stability
Infraspinatus
O-infraspinatus fossa
I-greater tubercle
A-eversion, stability
Subscapularis
O-subscapular fossa
I-Lesser tubercle
A-medially rotate, stability
Pectoralis Major
O-medial half of clavicle, sternum, cartilage of 1-6 ribs
I-crest of the greater tubercle
A-adduction, flexion, inversion
Pectoralis Minor
O: anterior surface ribs 3-5
I: coracoid process
A-protraction, depression
Coracobrachialis
O-Coracoid process of the scapula
I-medial surface of mid humeral shaft
A-flexion, inversion, adduction
Serratus Anterior
O: Surface of upper 9 lateral ribs
I: Ant/Medial border scapula
A-protraction of scapula (boxing)
Trapezius Upper
O-base of skull, occipital protuberance
I-posterior and lateral 1/3 of clavicle
A-Head extension/CL
rotation Elevation of
scap and upward rotation
Trapezius Middle
O-Spinous process of C7 and T1-3 vert
I-medial acromion process and superior border of scapular spine
A-scapular retraction
Trapezius Lower
O-T4-12 spinous process
I-triangular space at base of scapular spine
A-depression and retraction of scapula
Rhomboids
O-Spinous process of C7-T5
I-whole length of medial border of scapula
A-Retract scapula,
downward rotation of
scapula
Levator Scapulae
O-C1-4 transverse process
I-Medial border of scapula, between superior angle and spine of scapula
A-elevate scapulae
Brachialis
O-distal half of anterior humerus
I-coronoid process of the ulna
A-elbow flexion
Bicep Brachii - Short head
O-Coracoid process, upper glenoid fossa
I-Radial tuberosity, bicipital aponeurosis
A-Flexion,
supination
@ elbow,
flexion
shoulder
Bicep Brachii - Long head
O-supraglenoid tubercle
I-Radial tuberosity
A-???
Triceps Brachii - Long head
O-infraglenoid tubercle
I-olecranon process
A-shoulder and elbow extension
Triceps Brachii - Medial/Lateral head
O-posterior humerus
I-olecranon process of ulna
A-???
Brachioradialis
O-proximal 2/3 of lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus
I-Styloid process of radius
A-forearm flexion when pronated
Wrist Flexors
A-flex wrist, weak elbow flexors
Wrist Extensors
A-extend wrist, weak elbow extensors
Ext Carpi Radialis Long & Brev
OL-distal 1/3 of lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus
OB-lateral epicondyle of humerus
IL-base of 2nd metacarpal
IB-Base of 3rd metacarpal
A-wrist extension, radial deviation
Ext Carpi Ulnaris
O: lateral epicondyle
I: Base of 5th MC
A- wrist extension, radial deviation
Extensor Digitorum
O-lateral epicondyle
I-base of middle and distal phalanges of 2-5
A- extension of 2-5 phalanges
Anconeus
O-Lateral epicondyle
I-olecranon process, post and prox ulna
A- elbow terminal extension
Flexor Carpi Radialis
O-medial epicondyle
I-base of 2nd and 3rd metacarpals, palmar
A-flex wrist, radial deviation
Palmaris Longus
O-medial epicondyle
I-flexor retinaculum and palmar aponeurosis
A- wrist flexion, opposition
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
O-medial epicondyle, post, prox ulna
I-pisiform, hook of hamate, base of 5th metacarpal
A- flex wrist, ulnar deviation
Flexor Digitorum Superficialis
O-medial epicondyle
-medial coronoid process on ulna
-radial head and upper 2/3 anterior border of radius, distal to radial
tuberosity
I-middle phalanx of 2-5 on palmar
A- Flex PIP
Flexor Digitorum Profundus
O-ant and medial surface of prox ¾ of ulna
I-Base of distal phalanges, 2-5, palmar
A-flex DIP
Pronator Teres
O- medial epicondyle
I-middle of lateral surface of radius
A-pronation
Anatomic Snuff Box
???
Extensor Pollicis Longus
O-post ulna
I-base of distal phalanx of thumb
A-extend IP
Extensor Pollicis Brevis
O-post surface of radius
I-base of proximal phalanx of thumb
A- extend MCP
Abductor Pollicis Longus
O-post surface of radius and ulna
I-base of 1st metacarpal
A-abduct thumb
Sternocleidomastoid
O- Sternal head: Top of manubrium
Clavicular head: Medial one-third of the clavicle
I-Mastoid process of temporal bone and the lateral portion of superior nuchal line of occiput
A-Laterally flex the head and neck to the same side
(ipsilateral flexion)
Rotate the head and neck to the opposite side
(neck contralateral rotation)
Flex the neck
Assist to elevate the rib cage during inhalation
Scalenes Anterior
O-ANTERIOR
Transverse processes of
C3-C6 (anterior tubercles)
I- First rib (superior border)
A- laterally flex the head and neck to the
same side (unilateral, all)
Rotate head and neck to the opposite side (contralateral, all)
Elevate the ribs during inhalation (all)
Flex the head and neck (anterior)
Scalenes Middle
O-MIDDLE
Transverse processes C2-
C7 (posterior tubercles)
I-First rib (superior
border)
A-same as above
Scalenes Posterior
O-POSTERIOR
Transverse processes C6-
C7 (posterior tubercles)
I-Second rib (external
surface
A-same as above
