Upper Extremity Muscles Flashcards
What are the ligaments of the elbow
Ulnar collateral ligament, Radial collateral ligament, annular ligament
What are the proximal row of carpals from lateral to medial
Scaphoid-Lunate-Triquetral- pisifrom
What are the distal row of carpals from lateral to medial
Trapezium-trapezoid-capitate-hamate
What is a good mnemonic for the carpal bones
Some Lovers Try Positions That They Can’t Handle
Muscles of the superficial back and posterior shoulder include (4)
Latissimus Doris, trapezius, Rhomboid Major, Rhomboid Minor
What is the Origin of latissimus dorsi
SP of T7-T12, Thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, ribs 10-12
What is the insertion of latissimus dorsi
Floor of bicipital groove
What aer the actions of latissimus Dorsi
Extends, adducts, medial rotation of humerus. Pulls body while climbing. Unilateral lateral flexion, rotation, and extension of thorax
What nerve innervates Latissimus Dorsi and what segments
thoracodorasal Nerve C6-C8
What is the vasculature of latissimus dorsi
Thoracodorsal artery
What is the origin of trapezius
EOP, medial 1/3 of superior nuchal line, nuchal ligament, SP of C7-T12
What is the insertion of trapezius
Lateral 1/3 of clavicle, acromion, and spine of scapula
What are the actions of the superior trapezius fibers
Elevation of scapula
What are the actions of middle trapezius fibers
Retreat the scapula
What is the action of lower trapezius fibers
Depress the scapula
What is the action of upper and lower trapezius fibers
Contact to laterally rotate scapula
When the trapezius fixes the scapula what actions occur
Extension and lateral rotation of head
What is the innervation (motor+sensory) of trapezius
Motor: Cranial Nerve XI
Sensory: C3 and C4
What is the vasculature of the trapezius
Transverse cervical or superficial cervical artery
What is the origin of rhomboid major and minor
Minor: nuchal ligament, SP of C7-T1
Major: SP of T2-T5
What is the insertion of Rhomboid major and minor
Major: Medial border of scapula above scapular spine
Minor: medial border of scapula from spine to inferior angle
What is the action of rhomboid major and minor
retraction and medial rotation of scapula
What is the innervation of rhomboid major and minor
Dorsal scapular nerve C5
What is the vasculature of rhomboid major and minor
Dorsal scapular artery
What is the origin of levator scapulae
Posterior tubercle of TP C1-C4
What is the insertion of Levator scapulae
Superior angle of scapula
What is the action of Levator scapulae
Elevates and medial rotation of scapula
What is the innervation of levator scapulae
Dorsal scapular nerve C5, C3 and C4
what is the vasculature of levator scapulae
Dorsal scapular artery
What muscles are innervated by dorsal scapular nerve
Rhomboid major, minor and levator scapulae
Dorsal scapular artery provides vasculature to which muscles
rhomboid major, minor, and levator scapulae
What are the muscles of the posterior shoulder
Deltoid, supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, Teres major and Minor, and Subscapularis
What is the origin of Deltoid
Lateral 1/3 of clavicle, acromion, and spine of scapula
What is the insertion of deltoid
Deltoid tuberosity
What are the 3 parts of the deltoid
Anterior, middle, and posterior parts
What is the action of anterior deltoid
Flexion and medial rotation of arm, horizontal flexion and addiction
What is the action of middle deltoid
Abduction of arm
what is the action of posterior deltoid
Extension and lateral rotation of arm, horizontal abduction and lateral extension
What is the innervation of deltoid
Axillary Nerve (C5,C6)
What is the vasculature of deltoid
Posterior humeral circumflex artery
What is the origin of supraspinatus
Supraspinous fossa of scapula
What is the insertion of supraspinatus
Superior facet of greater tubercle of humerus
What is the action of supraspinatus
Assists deltoid, first 30 degrees of abduction of arm, stabilizes the glenohumeral joint
What is the innervation of supraspinatus
Suprascapular nerve C5
what is the vasculature of supraspinatus
Suprascapular artery
What is the origin of infraspinatus
infraspinous fossa of scapula
what is the insertion of infraspinatus
Middle facet of greater tubercle of humerus
What is the action of infraspinatus
Lateral rotation, stabilizes glenohumeral joint, some extension
What is the innervation of infraspinatus
Suprascapular nerve C5
what is the vasculature of infraspinatus
Suprascapular and circumflex scapular artery
Where does Teres major originate
Posterior surface of inferior angle of scapula
where does Teres major insert
Medial lip of intertubercular groove of humerus
what is the action of Teres major
Adducts and medial rotation of humerus
What is the innervation of Teres major
Lower subscapular nerve C6
what is the vasculature of Teres major
Circumflex scapular artery
Where does Teres minor sit
On top of Teres major
Where does Teres minor originate
Middle part of lateral border of scapula
what is the insertion of Teres minor
Inferior facet of greater tubercle of humerus
what is the action of Teres minor
Lateral rotation of arm, stabilizes glenohumeral joint, lateral extension of flexed arm
what is the innervation of Teres minor
Axillary nerve C5-C6
What is the vasculature of Teres minor
Circumflex scapular artery
What is the origin of subscapularis
Subscapular fossa
What is the insertion of subscapularis
Lesser tubercle of humerus
What is the action of subscapularis
Medial rotation of humerus, stabilizes glenohumeral joint, helps adduct
what is the innervation of subscapularis
Lower and upper subscapular nerves C5-C7
What are the muscles of the rotator cuff
Subscapularis, supraspinatus, infraspinatus, Teres minor
Which muscle is most commonly injured in the rotator cuff
Supraspinatus
Damage to what muscle can cause scapular winging
Serratus anterior
What is the origin of serratus anterior
External, lateral surfaces of ribs 1-8
what is the insertion of serratus anterior
Anterior medial border of scapula
What is the action of serratus anterior
Prostration and external rotation of scapula, helps depress scapula
Serratus anterior innervation is
Long thoracic nerve (C5-C7,c8
Vasculature of serratus anterior is
Lateral thoracic and Thoracodorsal artery
Serratus posterior superior is found
Deep to rhomboids
What is the origin of serratus posterior superior
Ligamentum nuchae, Sp C7-T2
What is the insertion of serratus posterior superior
Upper border of ribs 2-5
What is the action of serratus posterior superior
Elevation of ribs 2-5 (breath in)
What is the innervation of serratus posterior superior
Intercostal nerve 2-5
Where is serratus posterior inferior found
Deep to latissimus dorsi
what is the origin of serratus posterior inferior
SP of T11-12
What is the insertion of serratus posterior inferior
Inferior border of ribs 9-12
What is the action of serratus posterior inferior
Depression of ribs 9-12 (exhalation)
what is the innervation of serratus posterior inferior
Intercostal NN 9-12
What are the origins of pectoralis major
Clavicular: anterior surface of medial half of clavicle
Sternal: anterior sternum, costal cartilage of ribs 1-6, aponeurosis of external oblique
What is the insertion of pectoralis major
Lateral lip of intertubercular groove of humerus
what is the action of pectoralis major
Adduction, medial rotation of humerus
Brings scapula anterior and inferior
What is the innervation of pectoralis major
lateral and medial pectoral nerves
Clavicular: C5-C8
Sternal: C7-C8
What is the vasculature of pectoralis major
Pectoral branch of thoracoacrominal trunk
What is the origin of pectoralis minor
Ribs 3-5,
What is the insertion of pectoralis minor
Coracoid process
What is the action of pectoralis minor
Stabilize scapula, brings it inferior and anterior
What is the innervation of pectoralis minor
Medial pectoral nerve C8-T1
What is teh vasculature of pectoralis minor
Pectoral branch of thoracoacrominal trunk
What is the origin of subclavius
Junction of rib 1 and costal cartilage
What is the insertion of subclavius
Inferior surface of middle 1/3 of clavicle
What is the action of subclavius
Anchors and depresses clavicle
What is the innervation of subclavius
Nerve to subclavius C5
What is the vasculature o subclavius
Clavicular branch of thoracoacrominal trunk
What is the origin of external intercostals
Lower border of ribs 1-11
What is the insertion of external intercostals
Upper border of ribs 2-12
what is the action of external intercostals
Elevation of ribs during inhale
Innervation and vasculature of external intercostals is
Intercostal nerves and intercostal artery
internal intercostals origin is
Superior border of ribs 2-12
Insertion of internal intercostals is
Inferior border of ribs 1-11
Action of internal intercostals is
Depression of ribs during exhalation (forced)
Innervation and vasculature of internal intercostals is
Intercostal nerve and intercosal artery
Innermost intercostals origin is
Found in lower thoracic region internal surface
Insertion of innermost intercostals is
Internal surface of ribs 2-3 below origin
Action of innermost intercostals is
Elevation of ribs to help inhale
innervation and vasculature of innermost intercostals is
Intercostal nerve and intercostal artery
What are the muscle of the posterior arm
triceps brachii and aconeus
Triceps brachii is made up of
Long, lateral, and medial head
Origin of triceps brachii long head is
Infraglenoid tubercle of scapula
Origin of triceps brachii lateral head is
Posterior surface of humerus to radial groove
Origin of triceps brachii medial head is
Posterior humerus inferior to radial groove
Insertion of triceps brachii is
Olecranon process and fascia of forearm
What is the action of triceps brachii
Extension of elbow,
Long head: extends and adducts at shoulder. Help stabilize humerus
Long head of triceps brachii innervation is
Axillary nerve C5-C6
lateral and medial head of triceps brachii innervation is
Radial Nerve (C7-C8
What is the vasculature of triceps brachii
Profunda brachii artery
Aconeus origin is
Lateral epicondyle of humerus
Insertion of aconeus is
Lateral olecranon process and proximal posterior ulna
What is the action of aconeus
Helps extend elbow, stabilizes elbow
What is the innervation of aconeus
Radial Nerve (c7-T1)
What is vasculature of anconeus
Profunda brachii, recurrent interosseous artery