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OTM COMAT > Upper Extremity > Flashcards

Upper Extremity Flashcards

1
Q

ribs […] are true ribs, meaning that they […]

ribs […] are false ribs, meaning thaty they […]

ribs […] are floating ribs, meaning that they […]

A
  • 1-7, connects directly to the sternum
  • 8-10, connect indirectly to the sternum (via cc of rib 7)
  • 11-12, do not connect to the sternum at all
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2
Q

which ribs are “typical” ribs”?

what does this mean?

A

3-10

contain one of each of the following landmarks: head, neck, tubercle, angle, shaft

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3
Q

which ribs are “atypical”?

what makes each rib atypical?

A
  • 1 - no rib angle
  • 2 - has 2 tubercles (an extra tubercle)
  • 11, 12 - no tubercle, no neck

all atypical have a 1 and/or 2

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4
Q

all ribs move […] during inhalation and […] during exhalation

A

superior, inferior

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5
Q

ribs […] have pump handle motion mechanics, meaning that […]

A

ribs 1-5

their anterior portion moves superiorly during inhalation & inferiorly during exhalation, while the posterior portion remains stable

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6
Q

ribs […] have bucket handle motion, meaning that […]

A

6-10

their anterior & posterior portions remain stead, but medial portion swings up and down

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7
Q

ribs […] have caliper motion, meaning that […]

A

11-12

they move laterally during respiration, except for the posterior portion which remains fixed

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8
Q

primary respiratory muscles are used during […] and include the […]

A

relaxed respiration

diaphragm, intercostals

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9
Q

secondary respiratory muscles are used during […] and include the […]

A

times when pt needs more air - exercise, sports

latissimus dorsi, serratus anterior, pectoralis minor, scalenes

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10
Q

exhalation dysfunction of rib 1 can be treated with ME to the […]

A

anterior scalene, middle scalene

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11
Q

exhalation dysfunction of rib […] can be treated with ME to the posterior scalene

A

posterior scalene

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12
Q

exhalation dysfunction of rib […] can be treated with ME to the pec minor

A

3-5

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13
Q

exhalation dysfunction of rib […] can be treated with ME to the serratus anterior

A

6-8

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14
Q

exhalation dysfunction of rib […] can be treated with ME to the latissmus dorsi

A

9-10

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15
Q

inhalation dysfunctions should be treated with […] and exhalation dysfunctions should be treated with […]

A

direct pressure to the rib

ME to secondary muscles of respiration

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16
Q

for a group of inhaled ribs, treat the […] rib first, and for a group of exhaled ribs, treat the […] rib first

A

bottom

top

BITE - bottom inhaled, top exhaled

17
Q

what four muscles comprise the rotator cuff?

A
  • supraspinatous
  • infraspinatous
  • teres minor
  • subscapularis
18
Q

supraspinatous

  • location
  • innervation
  • action
A
  • posterior scapula, superior to scapular spine
  • suprascapular nerve (C5 - C6)
  • aBduction
19
Q

infraspinatous

  • location
  • innervation
  • action
A
  • posterior scapula, inferior to scapular spine
  • suprascapular nerve (C5-C6)
  • EXternal rotation
20
Q

teres minor

  • location
  • innervation
  • action
A
  • posterior scapula, inferior to teres minor
  • axillary nerve (C5-C6)
  • EXternal rotation
21
Q

what rotator cuff muscles are on the posterior scapula and what origin / insertion do they all share?

A

supraspinatous, infraspinatous, teres minor

medial border of scapula → greater tubercle of humerus

22
Q

subscapularis

  • location
  • innervation
  • action
A
  • anterior scapula
  • C5, C6, C7
  • INternal rotation
23
Q

posterior rotator cuff muscle tenderpoints - counterstrain position

A

supraspinatous, infraspinatous, teres minor

  • ABduction
  • EXternal rotation
  • Flexion

(their collective actions)

24
Q

subscapularis tenderpoint - counterstrain position

A

internal rotation + extension

25
Q

cubitus valgus

  • has a carrying angle of […]
  • distal ulna is [adducted / abducted]
  • wrist is [adducted / abducted]
A
  • > 15 degrees
  • distal ulna abducted
  • wrist adducted
26
Q

cubitus varus

  • has a carrying angle of […]
  • distal ulna is [adducted / abducted]
  • wrist is [adducted / abducted]
A
  • < 3 degrees
  • distal ulna adducted
  • wrist abducted
27
Q

when the forearm is supinated, the radial head is [anterior / posterior] and when the forearm is pronated, the radial head is [anterior / posterior]

A

anterior

posterior

28
Q

if a patient falls backwards, they will catch themselves with a […] arm, leading to a […] radial head

A

supinated

anterior

29
Q

if a patient falls forward, they will catch themselves with a […] arm, leading to a […] radial head

A

pronated

posterior

30
Q

long head of the biceps tenderpoint - counterstrain position

A

flex + IR + ABduct

“fire signs have abs”

31
Q

medial epicondyle tenderpoint - counterstrain position

A
  • flex
  • pronate
  • adduct

opposite of lateral epicondyle

32
Q

lateral epicondyle tenderpoint - counterstrain position

A
  • extend
  • supinate
  • abduct

opposite of medial epicondyle*

OTM COMAT (6 decks)

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