Upper Extremety And Thorax

Question 1

What is a muscle responsible for a specific action?

Answer 1

Agonist

Question 2

A muscle mainly responsible for a specific action
E.g. biceps flexing the supinated forearm

Answer 2

Prime mover

Question 3

What assists the prime mover?
E.g. brachialis assists the biceps in flexing the supinated forearm

Answer 3

Accessory mover

Question 4

What stabilizes one part of body to form a base for another action?
Rhomboids fix scapula in order to anchor muscles (teres major, etc.) moving the humerus

Answer 4

Fixator

Question 5

What facilitates the action of other muscles by being an antagonist to an undesirable motion, thus facilitating the action of the primary mover?

Answer 5

Synergist

Question 6

What produces the opposite action of an agonist?

Answer 6

Antagonist

Question 7

Force generated without changing length of muscle (I.e. static hold)

Answer 7

Isometric

Question 8

Force generated as length of muscle changes

Answer 8

Isotonic

Question 9

Muscle fibers shorten as force is generated

Answer 9

Concentric

Question 10

Muscle fibers lengthen as opposing force is greater than strength of muscle

Answer 10

Eccentric

Question 11

Latissimus dorsi (O)

Answer 11

SP of T7-T12, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, ribs (9) 10-12

Question 12

Latissimus dorsi (I)

Answer 12

Floor of bicipital (intertubercular) groove

Question 13

These actions describe which muscle “extends, abducts, medically rotates humerus, pulls body to arms while climbing. Important for global movements of thorax: unilateral, lateral flexion, rotation, and bilateral contraction for extension of thorax”

Answer 13

Latissimus dorsi

Question 14

Latissimus dorsi (N)

Answer 14

Thoracodorsal nerve C6,7,8

Question 15

Trapezius (O)

Answer 15

EOP, medial 1/3 of superior nuchal line, nuchal ligament, SPs of C7-T12

Question 16

Trapezius (I)

Answer 16

Lateral 1/3 of clavicle, acromian, spine of scapula

Question 17

Trapezius (A)

Answer 17

Upper: elevates scapula
Middle: retract scapula
Lower: depresses scapula
Upper/lower contract to laterally (externally) rotate scapula
With scapulae fixed, extends and laterally rotates head

Question 18

Trapezius (N)

Answer 18

Motor: cranial nerve XI (spinal accessory)
Sensory: C3 and C4 spinal nerves (pain/proprioception)

Question 19

“A miss between two majors” describes the insertion of which muscle?

Answer 19

Latissimus dorsi

Question 20

What muscles make up the triangle of auscultation?

Answer 20

Rhomboid major, serratus anterior, erector spinae

Question 21

What are the borders of the triangle of auscultation?

Answer 21

Superior/medial: inferior border of trapezius
Lateral: vertebral (medial) border of scapula
Inferior: Latissimus dorsi
Floor: rhomboid major, erector spinae group, 6th and 7th ribs and intercostal muscles

Question 22

“Elevation in the scapular plane”

Answer 22

Scaption