Upper Extremety And Thorax Flashcards
What is a muscle responsible for a specific action?
Agonist
A muscle mainly responsible for a specific action
E.g. biceps flexing the supinated forearm
Prime mover
What assists the prime mover?
E.g. brachialis assists the biceps in flexing the supinated forearm
Accessory mover
What stabilizes one part of body to form a base for another action?
Rhomboids fix scapula in order to anchor muscles (teres major, etc.) moving the humerus
Fixator
What facilitates the action of other muscles by being an antagonist to an undesirable motion, thus facilitating the action of the primary mover?
Synergist
What produces the opposite action of an agonist?
Antagonist
Force generated without changing length of muscle (I.e. static hold)
Isometric
Force generated as length of muscle changes
Isotonic
Muscle fibers shorten as force is generated
Concentric
Muscle fibers lengthen as opposing force is greater than strength of muscle
Eccentric
Latissimus dorsi (O)
SP of T7-T12, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, ribs (9) 10-12
Latissimus dorsi (I)
Floor of bicipital (intertubercular) groove
These actions describe which muscle “extends, abducts, medically rotates humerus, pulls body to arms while climbing. Important for global movements of thorax: unilateral, lateral flexion, rotation, and bilateral contraction for extension of thorax”
Latissimus dorsi
Latissimus dorsi (N)
Thoracodorsal nerve C6,7,8
Trapezius (O)
EOP, medial 1/3 of superior nuchal line, nuchal ligament, SPs of C7-T12
Trapezius (I)
Lateral 1/3 of clavicle, acromian, spine of scapula
Trapezius (A)
Upper: elevates scapula
Middle: retract scapula
Lower: depresses scapula
Upper/lower contract to laterally (externally) rotate scapula
With scapulae fixed, extends and laterally rotates head
Trapezius (N)
Motor: cranial nerve XI (spinal accessory)
Sensory: C3 and C4 spinal nerves (pain/proprioception)
“A miss between two majors” describes the insertion of which muscle?
Latissimus dorsi
What muscles make up the triangle of auscultation?
Rhomboid major, serratus anterior, erector spinae
What are the borders of the triangle of auscultation?
Superior/medial: inferior border of trapezius
Lateral: vertebral (medial) border of scapula
Inferior: Latissimus dorsi
Floor: rhomboid major, erector spinae group, 6th and 7th ribs and intercostal muscles
“Elevation in the scapular plane”
Scaption
