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Functional Anatomy > Upper Body Origin & Insertions > Flashcards

Upper Body Origin & Insertions Flashcards

1
Q

Levator Scapula Insertion

A

Superior angle of scapula and some of the medial border of the scapula, just proximal to the rhomboids insertion

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1
Q

Levator Scapula Origin

A

Transverse processes (TPs) of C1 to C4

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2
Q

Levator Scapula Pathway Points

A
  • The proximal end of LS can be found in a window between SCM and the upper trapezius, on the lateral side of the neck
  • The distal end of LS travels deep to upper trapezius
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3
Q

Upper Trapezius Origin

A

Superior nuchal line on the posterior surface of the occipital bone, plus the nuchal ligament that connects the SPs of the cervical vertebrae

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4
Q

Upper Trapezius Insertion

A

Upper surface of the lateral third of the clavicle, all the way to the AC joint

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5
Q

Upper Trapezius Pathway Points

A

Belly travel inferiorly, laterally and anteriorly on its way to the clavicle

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6
Q

Sternocleidomastoid Origin

A

Manubrium of the sternum (superficial fibers) and the medial third of the clavicle (deep fibers)

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7
Q

Sternocleidomastoid Insertion

A

Mastoid process of the temporal bone, and along the superior nuchal line of the occipital bone

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8
Q

Sternocleidomastoid Pathway Points

A
  • the sternal head origin is rounded, the clavicular head is wider and flatter
  • SCM forms the upper border of the posterior triangle of the neck
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9
Q

Splenius Capitis and Cervicis Origin

A

SPs of C3 to T6 and the nuchal ligament

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10
Q

Splenius Capitis and Cervicis Insertion

A

TPs of C1 to C3, plus the mastoid process of the temporal bone and the superior nuchal line with SCM

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11
Q

Splenius Capitis and Cervicis Pathway Points

A
  • Fibers travel diagonally up and laterally, deep to upper trapezius
  • Travels through the posterior triangle of the neck, proximal to levator scapula
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12
Q

Scalenes Origin

A

Three muscles (anterior, middle, and posterior) from the TPs and the TP tubercles of C2 to C7

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13
Q

Scalenes Insertion

A

The upper surfaces of ribs 1 and 2, posterior to the clavicle

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14
Q

Scalenes Pathway Points

A

These muscles travel across the lateral side of the neck, in the posterior triangle just anterior to levator scapula
The brachial plexus (nerve supply to the arm) travels between the anterior and middle scalenes

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15
Q

Middle Trapezius Origin

A

SPs of C7/T1 to T4

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16
Q

Middle Trapezius Insertion

A

Upper border of acromion process + upper border of the lateral half of spine of scapula (SOS)

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17
Q

Middle Trapezius Pathway Points

A

Fibres travel horizontally towards their insertion, superficial to the rhomboids

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18
Q

Lower Trapezius Origin

A

SPs of T5 to T12

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19
Q

Lower Trapezius Insertion

A

upper border of the medial half of the spine of scapula, to the root of spine (ROSS)

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20
Q

Lower Trapezius Pathway Points

A
  • Inferior fibres travel obliquely – superiorly and laterally
  • superior fibres travel horizontally, like middle trapezius
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21
Q

Serratus Anterior Origin

A

individual finger-like origins from the lateral sides of ribs 1 to 9

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22
Q

Serratus Anterior Insertion

A

full length of the medial border of the scapula, along the anterior (costal) surface

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23
Q

Serratus Anterior Pathway Points

A
  • Upper fibres travel horizontally while the lowest fibres travel obliquely as they wrap the ribcage – superiorly and posteriorly
  • Travels deep to the scapula (sandwiched between scapula and ribcage)
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24
Pectoralis Minor Origin
anterior surfaces of ribs 3, 4, 5, just lateral to their costal cartilages
25
Pectoralis Minor Insertion
triangular shape belly tapers into the coracoid process
26
Pectoralis Minor Pathway Points
-Travels superiorly, laterally, and posteriorly towards its insertion -brachial plexus passes deep to this muscle, pec major is superficial
27
Rhomboids Origin
SPs of C7 to T1 (minor) and T2 to T5 (major)
28
Rhomboids Insertion
Medial border of scapula-minor attaches to ROSS, major continues distally from ROSS to the inferior angle of scapula
29
Rhomboids Pathway Points
-Oblique fibres travel inferiorly and laterally -lies deep to the middle trapezius -Insertion of minor begins just distal to the insertion of levator scapula
30
Latissimus Dorsi Origin
SPs of T7 to T12 and the thoracolumbar fascia to the iliac crest and the SPs of the lumbar spine
31
Latissimus Dorsi Insertion
Bicipital groove on the anterior surface of the humerus
32
Latissimus Dorsi Pathway Points
- Travels superiorly and laterally with teres major to form the posterior wall of the axilla (Armpit) - flattens as it merges with the thoracolumbar fascia distally
33
Pectoralis Major Origin
- medial 1/2 of the interior border of the clavicle - length of the sternum and the costal cartilages that blend with it - distal fibres blend into the abdominal fascia
34
Pectoralis Major Insertion
Lateral lip of bicipital groove; clavicular fibres insert distally, sternal fibres insert proximally
35
Pectoralis Major Pathway Points
proximal fibres travel inferiorly and laterally, middle fibres are more horizontal, and distal fibres travel superiorly and laterally
36
Deltoids Origin
- anterior deltoid: inferior border of lateral 1/3 of clavicle - middle deltoid: inferior border of acromion process - posterior deltoid: inferior border of spine of scapula
37
Deltoids Insertion
deltoid tuberosity -- half way down the lateral side of humerus
38
Deltoids Pathway Points
Fibres are continuous/matched with the trapezius insertions on the upper borders of the scapula and clavicle
39
Supraspinatus Origin
Supraspinous fossa, proximal to the spine of scapula
40
Supraspinatus Insertion
Superior aspect of the greater tuberosity, blending with the GH joint capsule
41
Supraspinatus Pathway Points
Travels under the acromion process on the way to its insertion, protected by the subacromial bursa above it
42
Infraspinatus Origin
infraspinous fossa, distal to the spine of scapula
43
Infraspinatus Insertion
posterior aspect of the greater tuberosity, blending with the GH joint capsule
44
Infraspinatus Pathway Points
travels superiorly and laterally with teres minor
45
Subscapularis Origin
Subscapular fossa on the anterior (rib) surface of the scapula
46
Subscapularis Insertion
Lesser tuberosity, blending with the GH joint capsule
47
Subscapularis Pathway Points
The largest rotator cuff muscle, travels from posterior to anterior through the axilla
48
Biceps Brachii Origin
Long head: superior aspect of the glenoid rim and labrum short head: coracoid process
49
Biceps Brachii Insertion
Small tuberosity on the proximal end of the radius
50
Biceps Brachii Pathway Points
- Expands as an aponeurosis that blends with fascia covering wrist flexors - Long head lies laterally on the anterior arm while short head lies medially
51
Triceps Brachii Origin
Long head: inferior aspect of glenoid rim medial and lateral heads: posterior humerus on each side of the radial groove
52
Triceps Brachii Insertion
olecranon process of the ulna
53
Triceps Brachii Pathway Points
Medial head lies deepest; the two other heads form the visible part of the muscle, blending into the horseshoe-shape tendon
54
Pronator Teres Origin
Medial epicondyle of humerus and coronoid process of ulna
55
Pronator Teres Insertion
~halfway down the lateral side of the radius
56
Pronator Teres Pathway Points
- Travels inferiorly and laterally across the anterior forearm - Forms one of the borders for the cubital fossa
57
Flexor Digitorum Superficialis Origin
Medial epicondyle of humerus, coronoid process of ulna, anterior surface of radius
58
Flexor Digitorum Superficialis Insertion
One tendon for each finger (but not thumb) -- each finger tendon splits like a V, to attach at the sides of the middle phalanges
59
Flexor Digitorum Superficialis Pathway Points
- Splits into four tendons that travel across the front of the wrist, through the carpal tunnel - Four FDP (profundus) tendons travel deep to the FDS tendon
60
Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis (ECRB) Origin
Lateral epicondyle of the humerus
61
Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis (ECRB) insertion
Base of the 3rd metacarpal on its dorsal surface
62
Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis (ECRB) Pathway Points
Travels across the head of the radius (posteriorly) with the brachioradialis and ECRL, then down the posterior surface of the forearm and wrist

Functional Anatomy (2 decks)

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