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Functional Anatomy > Origins and Insertions > Flashcards

Origins and Insertions Flashcards

1
Q

Tibialis Anterior Origin

A

proximal 2/3 of anterior tibia
lateral tibial condyle
anterior surface of interosseous membrane

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2
Q

Tibialis Anterior Insertion

A

plantar;medial surfaces of base of 1st metatarsal and medial cuneiform

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3
Q

Tib Ant pathway points

A

The tendon is held in place across the front of the ankle by retinacula

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4
Q

Peroneus Longus Origin

A

Proximal 2/3 of lateral surface of fibula
Head of fibula

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5
Q

Peroneus Longus Insertion

A

Plantar/medial surfaces of medial cuneiform and base of 1st metatarsal

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6
Q

Peroneus Longus Pathway Points

A

Travels behind the lateral malleolus

Tendon is held in place across the ankle by retinacula

Wraps around lateral side of cuboid to travel under plantar side of foot

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7
Q

Gastroc Origin

A

2 heads, one from each femoral condyle (superior ends)

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8
Q

Soleus Origin

A

Horseshoe shaped origin along proximal 1/4 of posterior tibia and fibula

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9
Q

Gastroc and Soleus Insertion

A

Both merge into Achilles tendon, which inserts on posterior aspect of calcaneus

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10
Q

Gastroc and Soleus Pathway Points

A

Achilles twists medially 90 degrees before inserting on calcaneus

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11
Q

Tibialis Posterior Origin

A

proximal 1/2 of posterior surfaces of tibia, fibula and IOM – distal to soleus horseshoe

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12
Q

Tibialis Posterior Insertion

A

Plantar surfaces of navicular, all 3 cuneiforms, Metatarsals 2 to 4

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13
Q

Tibialis Posterior Pathway Points

A

Origin lies distal to the soleus horseshoe

Travels behind Medial malleolus, across medial ankle, then wraps under plantar side of foot

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14
Q

Sartorius Origin

A

Anterior Superior Iliac Spine (ASIS)

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15
Q

Sartorius Insertion

A

Proximal end of the medial tibia – level with the tibial tuberosity

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16
Q

Sartorius Pathway Points

A

The proximal half travels diagonally across the anterior thigh. The distal half travels inferiorly along the medial thigh. The tendon crosses the medial side of the knee with other pes anserine tendons

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17
Q

Rectus Femoris Origin

A

One head from the Anterior inferior iliac spine (AIIS); a second head from the ilium just proximal to the acetabulum

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18
Q

Rectus Femoris Insertion

A

Through the quadriceps tendon to the superior margin of the patella, then to the tibial tuberosity through the patellar tendon

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19
Q

Rectus Femoris Pathway Points

A

The proximal tendon travels deep to Sartorius. Its muscle belly travels anteriorly across the hip joint, then down the centre of the anterior thigh

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20
Q

The Vastus Group Origin

A
  • Vastus medialus and lateralis – from the intertrochanteric line (anterior femur)
  • VM origin spirals medially around the shaft of the femur towards the posterior aspect of the femur
  • VL origin spirals laterally, just below greater trochanter, to do the same
  • Both Origins continue distally along the linea aspera (posterior femur)

Vastus Intermedius – Anterior surface of the shaft of the femur, up to the intertrochanteric line

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21
Q

The Vastus Group Insertion

A

Through the quadriceps tendon to the superior margin of the patella, then to the tibial tuberosity through the patellar tendon

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22
Q

The Vastus Group Pathway points

A

VM and VL muscle bellies wrap posteriorly to anteriorly around the thigh. the fibers that originate most proximally travel vertically down the thigh, and fibres that originate most inferiorly travel obliquely, as they approach the margins of patella

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23
Q

Biceps Femoris Origin

A

Long head - ischial tuberosity with SM and ST
Short head - linea aspera and the lateral supracondylar line (posterior side of femur)

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24
Q

Biceps Femoris Insertion

A

Tendon crosses the postero-lateral side of knee to reach the head of fibula

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25
Biceps Femoris Pathway Points
Travels inferiorly and laterally across the posterior surface of the thigh
26
Semitendinosus Origin
Ischial Tuberosity with SM and BF
27
Semitendinosus Insertion
Proximal end of the medial tibia ~ level with the tibial tuberosity
28
Semitendinosus Pathway Points
- Travels inferiorly and medially across the posterior surface of the thigh - Superficial to semimembranosus - Travels with the other pes anserine tendons across the medial knee
29
Semimembranosus Origin
Ischial tuberosity with ST and BF
30
Semimembranosus Insertion
Medial tibial condyle, just distal to the medial joint line
31
Semimembranosus Pathway Points
- Travels inferiorly and medially across the posterior surface of the thigh - muscle belly lies deep to ST
32
Popliteus Origin
Lateral femoral condyle, starts as a narrow tendon
33
Popliteus Insertion
Posterior surface of the tibia, proximal to soleal line
34
Popliteus Pathway Points
- Travels deep to the LCL, through the knee joint capsule - Some fibres blend with the posterior aspect of lateral meniscus - Becomes a fan-shaped muscle belly as it approaches its insertion
35
Gracilis Origin
Body of the pubis, and the inferior pubic ramus
36
Gracilis Insertion
Proximal end of the medial tibia ~ level with the tibial tuberosity
37
Gracilis Pathway Points
- Narrow strap-like muscle travels down the medial side of the thigh - Travels with the other pes anserine tendons across the medial knee
38
Tensor Fascia Latae and ITB Origin
ASIS and the anterior third of the iliac crest . The ITB is a thickened connective tissue that originates from the iliac crest, posterior to TFL
39
Tensor Fascia Latae and ITB Insertion
ITB inserts on the anterior aspect of the lateral tibial condyle
40
Tensor Fascia Latae and ITB Pathway Points
TFL travels posteriorly to blend into the ITB near the level of the greater trochanter. The ITB travels distally along the lateral thigh, superficial to vastus lateralis
41
Gluteus Medius Origin
Fan-shaped muscle from the lateral surface of the ilium
42
Gluteus Medius Insertion
Greater trochanter of femur
43
Gluteus Medius Pathway Points
The most anterior fibers travel posteriorly. The most posterior fibres travel anteriorly. Some fibres are covered by gluteus maximus and others by TFL. Gluteus medius is superficial to gluteus minimus
44
Gluteus Maximus Origin
Lateral surface of ilium, posterior surfaces of the sacrum, coccyx, and sacrotuberous ligament
45
Gluteus Maximus Insertion
- Upper (superficial) fibres -- blend into the ITB - Lower (deep) fibres -- gluteal tuberosity (posterior aspect of the femur)
46
Gluteus Maximus Pathway Points
Travels diagonally across the posterior hip, superficial to the deep rotators of the hip
47
Piriformis Origin
Internal (or anterior) surface of the sacrum
48
Piriformis Insertion
Superior border of the greater trochanter
49
Piriformis Pathway Points
Exits the greater sciatic foramen above the sacrotuberous ligament, travels laterally across the posterior hip
50
Erector Spinae Distal Attachments
Posterior Sacrum and iliac crest
51
Erector Spinae Proximal Attachments
Ribs, proximal vertebrae, and skull
52
Erector Spinae Pathway Points
- Muscular columns beside the spinous processes, divided into 3 groups: spinalis (medial), longissimus (middle), iliocostalis (lateral) - Wrapped by the thoracolumbar fascia
53
Quadratus Lumborum Origin
Posterior third of the iliac crest and the iliolumbar ligament (L5)
54
Quadratus Lumborum Insertion
Bottom of rid 12, transverse processes (TPs) of T12 to L4
55
Quadratus Lumborum pathway Points
- Deep, flat, rectangular muscle - Lateral to erector spinae, contained within the thoracolumbar fascia - TA lies lateral to this muscle belly
56
Psoas Major Origin
TPs and bodies of T12 to L5 and their intervertebral discs
57
Psoas Major Insertion
Lesser trochanter of the femur
58
Psoas Major Pathway Points
- Travels anteriorly along the lumbar vertebrae before blending with iliacus - Exits the pelvis by passing under the inguinal ligament - Crosses the hip joint, then spirals medially and posteriorly to its insertion
59
Abdominals - Rectus Abdominus, Transverse Abdominus, Internal Oblique, and external obliques Attachments
Xiphoid process, ribs 10-12, linea alba, rectus sheath, pubis, inguinal ligament, iliac crest, thoracolumbar fascia
60
Abdominals -- RA, TA, IO, and EO Pathway Points
- RA travels vertically, within rectus sheath -EO travels inferiorly and ,medially along the anterior abdomen - IO travels inferiorly and laterally along the anterior abdomen - TA travels horizontally around the abdomen (deepest muscle)

Functional Anatomy (2 decks)

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