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AAA MSK anatomy > upper arm - insertion, action, innervation > Flashcards

upper arm - insertion, action, innervation Flashcards

1
Q

trapezius - proximal origin

A
  • occipital bone
  • ligaments nuchae
  • C7, T1-12
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2
Q

trapezius - distal insertion

A
  • clavicle
  • acromion
  • scapular spine
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3
Q

trapezius - action

A

Superior fibres:
Elevation

Middle fibres:
Retraction

Inferior fibres:
Depression

> of scapula

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4
Q

trapezius - innervation

A

motor: CN XI (accessory)
proprioceptive: C3, C4

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5
Q

Latissimus dorsi - proximal origin

A
  • aponeurosis of posterior layer of thoracolumbar fascia (attaches to all lumbar and sacral vertebrae)
  • spinous processes of T7-T12
  • posterior iliac crest
  • fleshy digitations of caudal-most 4 ribs
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6
Q

Latissimus dorsi - distal insertion

A

curves around lower border of teres major to insert into intertubercular groove of humerus as a tendon

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7
Q

Latissimus dorsi - action

A

extends, adducts, medially rotates humerus

(Raises body towards arms e.g. climbing, chin-ups)

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8
Q

Latissimus dorsi - innervation

A

Thoracodorsal nerve (C6-C8)

(C6, C7 mainly)

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9
Q

Levator scapulae - proximal origin

A

transverse processes of C1-C4

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10
Q

Levator scapulae - distal insertion

A

superior portion of the medial border of the scapula from its superior angle to its spine

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11
Q

Levator scapulae - action

A
  • Together with trapezius levator scapulae works to elevate, retract and stabilize the scapula.
  • Also when working with trapezius, bilateral contraction produces extension of the neck, while one side produces lateral flexion of the neck.
  • It is also active in resisted medial rotation of the scapula.
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12
Q

Levator scapulae - innervation

A
  • direct branches from C3 and C4
  • and a branch from dorsal scapular nerve (C5)
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13
Q

deltoid - proximal origin

A
  • anterior border of lateral third of clavicle
  • superior surface of acromion
  • spine of scapula
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14
Q

deltoid - distal insertion

A

fibres convene into a tendon inserting laterally into deltoid tuberosity

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15
Q

deltoid - action

A

Anterior fibres: flexion and medial rotation

Middle fibres: abduction

Posterior fibres: extension and lateral rotation

> of shoulder

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16
Q

deltoid - innervation

A

axillary nerve (C5, C6)

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17
Q

supraspinatus and infraspinatus - proximal origin

A

supraspinatus and infraspinatus fascia and fossa

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18
Q

supraspinatus and infraspinatus - distal insertion

A

supra: The tendon inserts on the upper facet of greater tuberosity of the humerus
infra: The tendon inserts on the middle facet of the greater tuberosity of the humerus.

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19
Q

supraspinatus and infraspinatus - action

A

supra: initiates abduction, and as part of the rotator cuff, helps to hold the humeral head in the socket throughout its range of movement
infra: lateral rotation of the humerus, but its more important action is as a member of the rotator cuff

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20
Q

supraspinatus and infraspinatus - innervation

A

supra: Suprascapular nerve (C4, C5, C6)
infra: Suprascapular nerve (C5, C6)

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21
Q

teres major and minor - proximal origin

A

minor: lateral border of scapula
major: dorsal surface of inferior angle of scapula

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22
Q

teres major and minor - distal insertion

A

minor: inferior facet on greater tubercle of humerus
major: medial lip of inter tubercular groove of humerus

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23
Q

teres major and minor - action

A

minor: adduction and lateral rotation of the humerus
- and helps to oppose upward subluxation of the humerus due to the powerful actions of deltoid, biceps brachii, and triceps. Its main action is as a member of the rotator cuff.
major: extends the shoulder, adducts and medially rotates the humerus.

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24
Q

teres major and minor - innervation

A

minor: Axillary nerve (C5,6)
major: Lower subscapular nerve (C5, C6)

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25
Q

subscapularis - proximal origin

A

medial two thirds of the costal surface of the scapula, separated from the neck of scapula by subscapularis bursa

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26
Q

subscapularis - distal insertion

A

inserts on the lesser tuberosity, shoulder joint capsule, and the front of the upper shaft of the humerus

27
Q

subscapularis - action

A

adductor and medial rotator of the humerus

28
Q

subscapularis - innervation

A

both subscapular nerves (C5,C6,C7)

29
Q

pectoralis major - proximal origin

A
  • sternal half of clavicle
  • upper half of sternum
  • aponeurosis of external abdominal oblique
30
Q

pectoralis major - distal insertion

A

converge towards anterior wall of axilla. all 3 parts of the muscle (clavicular, sternal, abdominal) end as a flat tendon inserting into intertubercular groove of humerus

31
Q

pectoralis major - action

A
  • primarily adduction of arm at shoulder
  • also medially rotates the humerus and clavicular portion will help flex shoulder and adduct humerus medially
  • sternocostal portion, along with latissimus dorsi and teres major can extend flexed humerus to side of trunk against resistance.
32
Q

pectoralis major - innervation

A

medial and lateral pectoral nerves (C5-C8 and T1)

33
Q

biceps brachii - proximal origin

A

short head - apex of coracoid process of scapula

long head - supraglenoid tubercle of scapula

34
Q

biceps brachii - distal insertion

A

radial tuberosity

tendon also gives off a broad aponeurosis medially which fuses with deep fascia of forearm

35
Q

biceps brachii - action

A
  • powerful supinator
  • flexor of the elbow, particularly if the forearm is supinated
  • acts to some extent as a flexor of the shoulder
36
Q

biceps brachii - innervation

A

C5, C6

37
Q

coracobrachialis - proximal origin

A

originates from the tip of the coracoid process, medial to the short head of biceps

38
Q

coracobrachialis - distal insertion

A

medial aspect of the mid shaft of the humerus

39
Q

coracobrachialis - action

A

Flexes the arm forwards

adduction

40
Q

coracobrachialis - innervation

A

Musculocutaneous nerve (C5,C6,C7)

41
Q

Brachialis - proximal origin

A

distal half of anterior humerus

42
Q

Brachialis - distal insertion

A

tuberosity and anterior surface of coronoid process of ulna

43
Q

Brachialis - action

A

powerful flexor of forearm at the elbow

44
Q

Brachialis - innervation

A

Musculocutaneous nerve (C5, C6)

45
Q

triceps brachii - proximal origin

A

Long head: Infraglenoid tubercle of scapula

Lateral head: post. humerus, sup. to radial groove

Medial head: post. humerus, inf. to radial groove

46
Q

triceps brachii - distal insertion

A

olecranon process of ulna

47
Q

triceps brachii - action

A

Extension of the elbow joint

48
Q

triceps brachii - innervation

A

Radial Nerve (C6, C7, C8)

49
Q

Anconeus - proximal origin

A

Lateral epicondyle of humerus

50
Q

Anconeus - distal insertion

A

lateral olecranon and superior posterior surface of ulna

51
Q

Anconeus - action

A
  • Assists in extension of elbow joint
  • Abducts ulna during pronation
  • WRIST DROP characteristic of radial nerve injury
52
Q

Anconeus - innervation

A

Radial Nerve (C7, C8, T1)

53
Q

Pectoralis minor - proximal origin

A

ribs 3-5

54
Q

Pectoralis minor - distal insertion

A

coracoid process

55
Q

Pectoralis minor - action

A
  • protraction
  • medial roatation

>of scapula

56
Q

Pectoralis minor - innervation

A

medial pectoral nerve (C8, T1)

57
Q

serratus anterior - proximal origin

A

ribs 1-8

58
Q

serratus anterior - distal insertion

A

medial border of scapula

59
Q

serratus anterior - action

A
  • protraction
  • depression
  • lateral roatation

>of scapula

60
Q

serratus anterior - innervation

A

long thoracic nerve (C5, C6, C7)

61
Q

Rhomboid major and minor - proximal origin

A

Minor: nuchal ligament, spinous processes C7-T1

Major: spinous processes T2-T5

62
Q

Rhomboid major and minor - distal insertion

A

Minor: medial end of scapular spine

Major: medial border of scapula

63
Q

Rhomboid major and minor - action

A
  • retraction
  • medial rotation

>of scapula

64
Q

Rhomboid major and minor - innervation

A

Dorsal scapular (C5) and cervical (C3, C4) nerves

AAA MSK anatomy (8 decks)

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